33/7 Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review - Greece

GE.16-11662(E)



Human Rights Council Thirty-third session

Agenda item 6

Universal periodic review

Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review*

Greece

* The annex is being circulated in the language of submission only.

Contents

Page

Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 3

I Summary of the proceedings of the review process ......................................................................... 3

A. Presentation by the State under review .................................................................................... 3

B. Interactive dialogue and responses by the State under review ................................................. 6

II. Conclusions and/or recommendations .............................................................................................. 14

Annex

Composition of the delegation ......................................................................................................... 28

Introduction

1. The Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review, established in accordance

with Human Rights Council resolution 5/1, held its twenty-fifth session from 2 to 13 May

2016. The review of Greece was held at the 4th meeting on 3 May 2016. The delegation of

Greece was headed by the Secretary-General for Transparency and Human Rights, Kostis

Papaioannou. At its 11th meeting, held on 9 May 2016, the Working Group adopted the

report on Greece.

2. On 12 January 2016, the Human Rights Council selected the following group of

rapporteurs (troika) to facilitate the review of Greece: the Netherlands, the Russian

Federation and South Africa.

3. In accordance with paragraph 15 of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution

5/1 and paragraph 5 of the annex to Council resolution 16/21, the following documents

were issued for the review of Greece:

(a) A national report submitted/written presentation made in accordance with

paragraph 15 (a) (A/HRC/WG.6/25/GRC/1);

(b) A compilation prepared by the Office of the United Nations High

Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) in accordance with paragraph 15 (b)

(A/HRC/WG.6/25/GRC/2);

(c) A summary prepared by OHCHR in accordance with paragraph 15 (c)

(A/HRC/WG.6/25/GRC/3).

4. A list of questions prepared in advance by Afghanistan, Belgium, the Czech

Republic, Germany, Liechtenstein, Mexico, the Netherlands, Norway, Slovenia, Spain,

Sweden and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland was transmitted to

Greece through the troika. These questions are available on the extranet of the universal

periodic review.

I. Summary of the proceedings of the review process

A. Presentation by the State under review

5. Greece stated that the national report had been drafted in an inclusive process

involving ministries and consultations with civil society and the National Commission for

Human Rights. Greece would submit a midterm progress report on the implementation of

the recommendations it supported, as it had done in the first cycle.

6. As a former chairperson of the National Commission, the head of delegation

observed how the institution had grown in respect and influence and been strengthened

through recent legislation.

7. Important steps had been made, but much more needed to be done. The dialogue

would be guided by critical self-assessment.

8. Greece had experienced a severe economic crisis. Following negotiations with the

European Commission, the European Central Bank and the International Monetary Fund,

policies responding to the crisis had largely consisted of extreme austerity measures. The

impact of the recession had been significant. In 2014, 36 per cent of the population had

been at risk of poverty or social exclusion; gross domestic product had fallen by 25 per

cent; the unemployment rate had reached 24.4 per cent; and youth unemployment had

reached 49.8 per cent. The National Commission had made recommendations and stressed

the negative effect of austerity on human rights and democratic institutions.

9. While implementing the most recent financial agreement, Greece had striven to

protect the rights of vulnerable persons. In March 2015, a law had been adopted to ensure

provision of basic goods and services to persons and families living in extreme poverty.

The ongoing pension reform aimed at developing a fair and rational social security system.

Financial constraints could not be used as an excuse for shortcomings in human rights

protection and every effort was being made to give full effect to all international human

rights conventions. Nevertheless, the case of Greece presented proof that undermining

economic and social rights could not leave civil and political rights intact.

10. As a consequence of the economic crisis, the gender gap had widened in the labour

market and unemployment and inactivity rates had risen. The National Programme for

Substantive Gender Equality 2010-2015 had been designed before the escalation of the

economic crisis and had managed to only partially mitigate the effect of the crisis on gender

equality. Laws adopted in early 2016 had established health coverage for all uninsured

individuals, including members of vulnerable groups, giving them free access to the public

health system, and promoted easier access to medical care and treatment at zero or near-

zero cost.

11. The reception of more than 1 million refugees and irregular migrants since the

beginning of 2015 had had a direct effect on Greece. Greeks, who themselves were

suffering financial distress, had welcomed them and addressed their immediate needs,

despite voices all over Europe calling for closed borders, which, inter alia, had resulted in

further deaths at sea. Racist attacks had not increased during that period, although Greece

remained fully aware of the danger of rising racism and xenophobia, as was the case in

many European countries.

12. Unilateral measures resulting in border closures along the Western Balkans

migratory route had left around 55,000 people stranded in Greece. Greece would not cease

to uphold fundamental rights and principles and address its humanitarian obligations. The

coastguards had done their utmost in search and rescue operations; national stakeholders

and the European Union had provided additional resources for that purpose. The delegation

provided statistics on the rescues in 2015 and 2016, including on those who had regrettably

lost their lives attempting to cross the Aegean. Receptions centres had been created in the

Eastern Aegean islands and nationwide, while some people benefited from rental subsidies

and host family programmes. Regrettably, many people had insisted on staying around

Eidomeni owing to misinformation. They would be moved in May, without use of force,

when the necessary reception camps were ready.

13. Greece had adopted the legal framework for the implementation of the March 2016

agreement between the European Union and Turkey. The numbers of asylum requests

under consideration and the pre-registration requests for asylum were growing. The task

was enormous, given the limited resources and the growing pressure to close borders and

speed up procedures. However, Greece would not undermine the human rights principles

that guaranteed the right to seek asylum and prohibited collective expulsions. Most of the

difficulties arose from contradictions in European policy on migration and asylum.

Constant efforts were being made to increase the capacity of the Asylum Service.

14. Protecting unaccompanied minors was of the utmost priority. Serious challenges

remained, but the relevant legislation was under review. The new framework provided for a

registry of guardians with specific duties and obligations who would be inspected by a

monitoring body.

15. Greece attached importance to the integration of refugees and migrants, but its high

unemployment rate hindered their access to the labour market. Regrettably, the high

inflows had meant that more resources had had to be allocated to first reception than to

integration. Beyond the assistance from the European Union, Greece had spent over €1.8

billion from its national budget and had been hiring personnel especially for the First

Reception and Asylum Services. Such a crisis could only be addressed through

international cooperation and burden sharing, but Greece was concerned that not all its

European friends shared that principle.

16. Racist violence had been a concern, particularly in 2012/13. The authorities had

reacted with measures including the strengthening of legislation and the creation of five

special prosecutors for racist crimes. Parliament had been enabled to suspend State

financing of political parties whose officials were provisionally detained for racist crimes,

and the trial of members of the Golden Dawn party was ongoing.

17. A National Board against Racism and Intolerance had been established and an action

plan would be forthcoming. A hate speech monitoring mechanism was also planned. New

police units and offices had been established to investigate acts of racist violence and had

received training.

18. The accountability of law enforcement personnel was a top priority. An office

responsible for handling alleged instances of abuse had been established in law, but it was

not yet operational owing mainly to a lack of resources. Greece was studying alternative

ways to ensure that the mechanism was effective and independent. Impunity could not be

tolerated.

19. A legislative review of equality and non-discrimination policies was almost

complete. Amendments enacted had included reinforcing the competences of the

Ombudsman and the explicit inclusion of “gender identity” and “gender characteristics” as

grounds for non-discrimination.

20. Access to justice was ensured for victims of discrimination through measures such

as free legal aid and fee exemptions for those on low incomes.

21. Greece had passed a law extending civil partnerships to include same-sex couples.

The higher age of consent for male homosexual acts had been abolished and legislation on

legal gender recognition was being considered.

22. A National Action Plan on the Rights of the Child was being drawn up, as was a

national strategic plan for deinstitutionalization, in accordance with the provisions of the

Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. Minors had already been transferred

out of the Lehaina centre, and experts were developing plans for the care of the other

residents. Other measures were under way to reform foster care and adoption and to review

the legal framework for State and private care institutions.

23. The situation in detention facilities remained a concern, but measures had been taken

and the prison population had declined. Greece was engaging with expert European bodies

to develop a strategic plan on prisons. The Ombudsman had stressed the need for a more

holistic approach and the Ministry of Justice had adopted many of the Ombudsman’s

proposals.

24. Access to counsel was ensured from the moment of deprivation of liberty. A lawyer

was always appointed for those accused of a felony and for minors. Free legal aid was

available to those on low incomes and vulnerable persons, such as victims of trafficking or

domestic violence. Challenges remained regarding the speed of judicial proceedings, but a

number of legislative amendments had been adopted to accelerate proceedings.

25. While Greece was concerned that domestic violence had reached alarming

proportions, it was encouraged that women were breaking their silence and that their

reports might lead to prosecutions. A national programme in the field had contributed to

increasing the visibility of domestic violence as a crime.

26. Greece noted that the economic crisis had disproportionately affected vulnerable

groups such as the Roma and a series of measures would be implemented in almost all

municipalities.

27. Human rights education and citizenship education were priorities and the refugee

inflows had made child refugees’ and young people’s access to education imperative.

28. Greece intended to address proposals to ratify the Optional Protocol to the

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights favourably and would

actively consider ratification of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of

the Child on a communications procedure in the context of the National Action Plan on the

Rights of the Child. A working group was preparing legislative proposals for the

ratification of the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and Combating Violence

against Women and Domestic Violence. Accession to the Convention on the Reduction of

Statelessness would be considered in due course. The process for ratifying the amendments

to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court on the crime of aggression had been

initiated.

29. Greece stressed that freedom of expression and association were fully protected,

without discrimination. In Thrace, where the Muslim minority lived, numerous minority

associations had been registered by the courts and operated unimpeded. Greece was

considering appropriate ways to execute three judgments of the European Court of Human

Rights in which violations of the right to freedom of association had been found.

B. Interactive dialogue and responses by the State under review

30. During the interactive dialogue, 88 delegations made statements. Recommendations

made during the dialogue are to be found in section II of the present report.

31. The United Arab Emirates welcomed the achievements of Greece, including the

recent law on the establishment of a National Board against Racism and Intolerance.

32. The United Kingdom welcomed the steps taken to implement the recommendations

from the first review, the establishment of the National Action Plan on Human Rights, the

ratification of the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel,

Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment and the recognition of same-sex unions.

33. The United States of America raised concern about instances of discrimination

against members of the Muslim minority in Thrace and against Roma, as well as hate

speech by public officials against members of religious and other minorities.

34. Uruguay noted the efforts of Greece in the face of the economic crisis and welcomed

the development of a new action plan on gender equality.

35. The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela commended Greece for the measures it had

taken to provide the poorest families with free electricity, rental subsidies, food and a

minimum income, and for its efforts to address the migration crisis.

36. Albania congratulated Greece on the presentation of its report.

37. Algeria welcomed the adoption of the National Action Plan on Human Rights and of

the law establishing a National Board against Racism and Intolerance.

38. Argentina commended Greece for ratifying the International Convention for the

Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance and praised its efforts in the face of

the migration crisis.

39. Armenia praised Greece for its reception of hundreds of thousands of refugees,

despite its economic challenges. Armenia highlighted the adoption of a strong legal

framework to combat racism.

40. Australia acknowledged the steps taken to reduce overcrowding in prisons and the

stricter penalties that had been introduced for discrimination and incitement to violence. It

remained concerned by reports of gender discrimination and hate crimes.

41. Austria stressed the need to pay particular attention to the accommodation provided

to unaccompanied minors in the refugee context. It welcomed efforts to combat domestic

violence.

42. Bahrain welcomed the reforms Greece had put in place and its reception of refugees,

despite the economic crisis, and stressed the need to share responsibility for tackling the

refugee crisis.

43. Bangladesh regretted that its recommendation on migrants’ rights in the first review

had not been accepted. It referred to some of the concerns of the treaty bodies, including on

the use of force and ill-treatment.

44. Belarus was concerned at the lack of progress in addressing gender equality since

the first review. It called on Greece to address migrants’ working conditions, especially in

agriculture.

45. Belgium welcomed the ratification of the Optional Protocol to the Convention

against Torture and the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from

Enforced Disappearance. It remained concerned by the detention of unaccompanied minors

and the security conditions in some reception centres.

46. Bosnia and Herzegovina highlighted the ratification of the International Convention

for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, the Convention on the

Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Optional Protocol thereto. It inquired about

institutional care facilities for children, especially those with disabilities.

47. Botswana welcomed the 2014 law strengthening the country’s anti-racism

legislation and the creation of the Racist Violence Recording Network, but was concerned

at reports of ill-treatment of children.

48. Brazil commended the extension of the law on civil partnerships to same-sex

couples and the recent ratifications of international instruments. It encouraged further

efforts to fight xenophobia and discrimination.

49. Bulgaria welcomed the elaboration of the National Action Plan on the Rights of the

Child and the appointment of special prosecutors to investigate racist crimes.

50. Canada noted with satisfaction the adoption of a law recognizing same-sex civil

partnerships and encouraged Greece to extend full legal equality to lesbian, gay, bisexual,

transgender and intersex persons.

51. Chile commended Greece for its commitment to human rights through the

consolidation of its legal and institutional frameworks. It noted the exceptional influx of

migrants and asylum seekers.

52. China welcomed the adoption of a legal framework to combat racism and racial

discrimination. It praised the authorities’ rescue at sea of hundreds of thousands of migrants

and their reception.

53. Costa Rica praised the inhabitants of Lesbos on their reception of persons escaping

war. It expressed concerns about the excessive use of force by the police.

54. Cuba congratulated Greece for having continued to meet its human rights

commitments, despite the migration crisis. Its ratification of the Convention on the Rights

of Persons with Disabilities, the Optional Protocol thereto and the International Convention

for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance were examples of that.

55. Cyprus commended Greece for its principled and humane approach to refugees and

migrants. It welcomed the legal framework to combat racism, xenophobia and related forms

of intolerance.

56. The Czech Republic thanked Greece for the responses to its advance questions.

57. Ecuador commended Greece for its ratification of the Convention on the Rights of

Persons with Disabilities, the Optional Protocol thereto and the International Convention

for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, for its new legislation to

combat racism and for the National Action Plan on Human Rights.

58. Egypt praised the positive developments since the last review, including the

adoption of a National Action Plan on Human Rights and the ratification of the Convention

on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.

59. Finland commended the efforts made to address shortcomings in the asylum

management system, including the creation of the First Reception Service, and encouraged

Greece to continue its efforts.

60. France welcomed the commitments made by Greece, in particular the ratification of

the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced

Disappearance and the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities.

61. Georgia welcomed the submission of a midterm implementation report regarding the

accepted recommendations from the first cycle and encouraged the submission of a similar

report during the second cycle.

62. Germany commended achievements such as the adoption in 2015 of a law extending

civil unions to same-sex couples. It was concerned about the detention conditions of

migrants.

63. Ghana commended Greece for rescuing more than 100,000 refugees and migrants at

sea and for the assistance extended to refugees and migrants on the Greek islands.

64. Guatemala welcomed the ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons

with Disabilities, the Convention against Torture and the Optional Protocol thereto. It

expressed concern about the reports of increased discrimination against migrants, asylum

seekers and Roma owing to the economic crisis.

65. The Holy See acknowledged the efforts of Greece to guarantee human rights

through the National Action Plan on Human Rights. It praised efforts to prevent trafficking

in persons.

66. Hungary encouraged Greece to develop a national strategy to combat racism,

welcomed the National Action Plan on Human Rights and asked about the practical

measures being taken to implement it.

67. Iceland acknowledged that Greece had maintained standards despite the

simultaneous crises and noted that Greece should not face a disproportionate share of the

responsibility to meet the needs of refugees and migrants.

68. India welcomed the recent steps to combat racism, the adoption of the new action

plan on gender equality and the plan to revamp the public benefit employment scheme.

India requested further information on those issues and on steps taken to address the

situation of undocumented migrants and asylum seekers.

69. Indonesia commended Greece for its efforts to promote human rights, despite the

economic crisis, by ratifying the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and

the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and by the drafting national action

plans.

70. The Islamic Republic of Iran welcomed the steps taken by Greece to mitigate the

impact of the economic crisis and austerity measures on the most disadvantaged.

71. Iraq commended the achievements of Greece in the areas of women’s and children’s

rights and called upon it to uphold human rights principles in addressing other challenges.

72. Ireland appreciated the challenges that Greece faced in responding to the needs of

the unprecedented number of migrants and refugees. The crisis required close cooperation

with the European Union, the United Nations and civil society.

73. Israel commended Greece for its efforts to alleviate the negative impact of the

economic crisis and for its legislative framework to fight against racial discrimination,

xenophobia and Holocaust denial.

74. Italy encouraged Greece to maintain its commitment to protecting economic, social

and cultural rights while mitigating the effects of the economic crisis, and commended its

assistance to migrants.

75. Greece noted that major reform to its asylum system had resulted in a process

acknowledged to be of high quality and a recognition rate of approximately 50 per cent.

Greece was currently receiving more asylum claims than wealthier European Union

member States. Efforts to improve reception facilities were constant, especially for

unaccompanied minors. Alternatives to detention were being implemented on the islands.

76. Greece highlighted that the child protection system was being restructured, with

emphasis on developing support services for children and families, preventing

institutionalization and reinforcing foster parenting, including for children with disabilities.

In 2016, the number of children placed with families instead of in institutions was expected

to be double that of previous years. A national strategy on social inclusion, which had been

submitted to the European Commission, provided the foundations to tackle child poverty

and a number of transfer payments and programmes were in place for families of children

living in poverty.

77. Greece noted that the positive impact of some of its policies had been seen as most

students with disabilities were currently being supported within mainstream programmes.

78. Greece stressed that racism was recognized as one of the most important issues

affecting human rights in Greece and in many European and non-European countries. The

delegation gave an overview of the challenges Greece faced in that regard and its responses

in terms of legislation and State policy.

79. Greece stressed that one group of persons, the Muslim minority in Thrace, was

considered to be a minority under the terms of the Treaty of Peace, signed at Lausanne, July

24, 1923. It consisted of three distinct groups of persons of Turkish, Pomak and Roma

origin. Implementation of the Treaty was based on modern human rights standards. Greece

fully respected the principle of individual self-identification, however, its position was that

a State’s decision to recognize a group as a minority and provide its members with specific

minority rights in addition to those in human rights treaties had to be based on objective

facts and criteria. Members of groups not officially recognized as minorities fully enjoyed

their rights under the human rights treaties.

80. Greece stated that members of the Muslim minority in Thrace were free to address

either the civil courts or the local muftis concerning sharia law in family and inheritance

matters. The law provided that the courts should not enforce muftis’ decisions that were

contrary to the Constitution or regional and international human rights treaties.

81. Greece stressed the challenges facing the police in providing European Union

external border security, managing the mixed migration flows and meeting the country’s

human rights obligations. The economic situation had a direct impact on the resources

available. Great humanity was being shown, particularly by officers who risked their lives

rescuing migrants who were at risk of drowning. Both the police and the European Agency

for the Management of Operational Cooperation at the External Borders of the Member

States of the European Union were monitoring any cases of ill-treatment or violations of the

principle of non-refoulement.

82. Jamaica commended the national action plans on human rights and children’s rights,

the establishment of the National Board against Racism and Intolerance and the reform of

national policies governing asylum seekers.

83. Kenya welcomed the national action plans on human rights, children’s rights and on

the reform of the asylum system and migration management, and the recent ratifications of

international instruments.

84. Lebanon appreciated the promotion and protection of human rights since the last

review, despite the challenges of the economic and refugee crises, and commended the

rescue and reception of refugees.

85. Libya welcomed progress on recommendations from the last review and the

measures to address social disparities, particularly Law 4320/2015 on families in extreme

poverty and the guaranteed minimum income scheme.

86. Malawi applauded efforts to eliminate human trafficking and progress in prosecuting

labour trafficking offences. Malawi asked the international community to support Greece in

addressing the financial crisis and hosting migrants.

87. Malaysia acknowledged efforts to protect vulnerable groups, migrants and persons

with disabilities, following ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with

Disabilities, but noted the remaining challenges concerning racism, discrimination and

access to education.

88. Maldives welcomed the ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with

Disabilities and the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture, and the National

Action Plan on Human Rights. It encouraged efforts to assist refugees.

89. Mexico praised the protection given to vulnerable groups, policies on access to basic

services and employment for families in extreme poverty, and the efforts to receive

refugees and asylum seekers.

90. Montenegro noted concerns about the impact of the economic crisis on

discrimination against vulnerable groups. It encouraged Greece to ensure decent living

conditions in reception and detention centres for migrants and asylum seekers.

91. Morocco welcomed the law providing for a National Board against Racism and

Intolerance and commended the ratification of the Optional Protocol to the Convention

against Torture and the designation of the Ombudsman as the national preventive

mechanism.

92. Namibia recognized the economic crisis in Greece and trusted that the redesigned

European Union asylum policy would alleviate the increasing migrant and refugee crisis.

93. Nepal noted the ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with

Disabilities and the Optional Protocol thereto, and the development of national action plans

on human rights and children’s rights. It appreciated the efforts to promote migrants’

integration and to combat racism.

94. The Netherlands was pleased that Greece had enacted a law allowing civil

partnership between same-sex couples, but noted that it did not grant same-sex couples the

same rights as heterosexual couples.

95. Nigeria welcomed the circular on the right of every child living in Greece to enrol in

school. It expressed concern at the absence of a national plan against racism.

96. Norway commended the efforts of Greece to handle the migration influx and

emphasized the responsibility of all European countries to improve the situation for

refugees and migrants in Europe.

97. Pakistan noted the ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with

Disabilities, the Optional Protocol thereto and the Optional Protocol to the Convention

against Torture. It asked Greece to complete the construction of a mosque in Athens to

allow religious minorities freedom of religion and belief.

98. Panama noted that the migration crisis, as well as the economic crisis, was affecting

human rights in Greece, and that in response, a long-term, integrated strategy was needed at

the European level.

99. Peru highlighted the efforts of Greece to consider human rights, particularly those of

vulnerable groups, while implementing austerity measures, and to provide a dignified

reception for refugees and migrants.

100. The Philippines appreciated the protection mechanisms relating to migrants. It

agreed that Greece needed to prioritize completion of the National Action Plan on the

Rights of the Child.

101. Poland was aware of financial constraints and acknowledged efforts to address

social inequalities. It welcomed the new laws and policies on acts of violence against

foreigners.

102. Portugal welcomed the protection of the right of every child living in Greece to

enrol in school, regardless of residence status, and commended the ratification of the

Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture.

103. Qatar commended the implementation of the recommendations from the previous

review, the creation of national action plans, especially for children, efforts to combat

racism and intolerance, and the creation of refugee reception centres.

104. The Republic of Korea hoped that the minimum essential economic and social rights

would be safeguarded for the vulnerable, regardless of the economic reforms.

105. Honduras appreciated the progress made by Greece in the protection of asylum

seekers and irregular migrants, and with regard to the integration of Roma in the country.

106. The Republic of Moldova asked about the evaluation of the National Action Plan on

Human Rights, and whether the national referral mechanism for victims of trafficking was

fully operational.

107. Romania appreciated the hospitality Greece was providing for refugees and

migrants. It acknowledged the legislative framework to combat racism and related

intolerance and the establishment of the National Board against Racism and Intolerance.

108. The Russian Federation welcomed the efforts of Greece to rescue thousands of

refugees off the island coasts and the measures for the inclusion of persons with disabilities.

109. Senegal commended the adoption of Law 4320/2015 ensuring the provision of basic

goods and services to persons and families living in extreme poverty and the ratification of

several human rights instruments.

110. Sierra Leone urged Greece to seek ways to protect the rights of undocumented

migrants and asylum seekers more effectively and agreed that European Union asylum

policy should be reviewed.

111. Slovakia commended Greece for ratifying the Convention on the Rights of Persons

with Disabilities and the Optional Protocol thereto and invited it to ensure their effective

implementation. Slovakia encouraged Greece to pursue its work on deinstitutionalization in

favour of family-based care for children.

112. Slovenia welcomed the recent ratifications of international instruments and the

efforts of Greece to respect the rights of refugees and to protect unaccompanied children.

113. South Africa commended Greece for the assistance it had extended to refugees and

migrants and its adoption of the legislative framework to fight racism and related

intolerance, and encouraged it to continue those efforts.

114. Spain noted the changes in the situation in Greece during the reporting period and

praised the country’s efforts to demonstrate its commitment to human rights, despite the

difficulties.

115. The State of Palestine commended the efforts to implement the recommendations

from the first review and noted improvements in the implementation of the right to

education.

116. Sweden noted the unprecedented increase in the numbers of asylum seekers,

refugees and migrants entering Greece and that the problems increased when people were

denied the possibility of leaving Greece.

117. Switzerland welcomed the significant steps that had been taken to implement the

recommendations Greece had accepted in the first review cycle.

118. Tajikistan noted the efforts of Greece to protect human rights, particularly the

preparation of the national action plan on human rights, despite the economic crisis.

119. Thailand commended the adoption of various human rights actions plans and

encouraged Greece to continue its efforts to integrate the Roma.

120. The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia regretted that Greece had not

implemented the recommendation from the first review on executing the European Court of

Human Rights judgments concerning the registration of Macedonian minority associations.

121. Timor-Leste welcomed the creation of the Children’s Ombudsman and wished to

hear more on the establishment of the National Board against Racism and Intolerance.

122. Togo noted that despite the economic crisis, Greece had adopted laws and measures

to counter the rise of racist violence and the surge in attacks against migrants.

123. Turkey made recommendations.

124. Uganda noted the adoption of national action plans on human and children’s rights

and the establishment of the National Board against Racism and Intolerance.

125. Ukraine noted the measures to protect the rights of vulnerable persons from the

effects of the economic recession, and the proactive stance of Greece in advocating the

rights of journalists in international forums.

126. Greece noted that the austerity measures it had had to take within the framework of

the programme of assistance of the European Central Bank and the International Monetary

Fund had been found by international and European treaty bodies to be in violation of

human rights treaties. It outlined the measures it had taken to protect the most vulnerable

sections of the population, noting its investments to address unemployment, particularly for

young people, women and the long-term unemployed, to deal with housing and poverty and

to reorganize the social policy system. Furthermore, Law 4368/2016 provided for free

access to the public health system for uninsured individuals and members of vulnerable

groups.

127. Greece stressed that the use of the term “Macedonian” to refer to a small number of

persons who lived in the northern Greek region of Macedonia and spoke, besides Greek, a

Slavic idiom, without any qualifier reflecting their Slav-oriented identity, infringed upon

the rights and identity of more than 2.5 million Greek-Macedonians who used the adjective

to denote their regional and cultural provenance. Those persons could nevertheless freely

express their views, organize cultural events and speak their idiom. In relation to the

Muslim minority, persons were free to declare their origin, but the attempt to subsume

Pomak and Roma persons under a Turkish identity was not acceptable. Greece was firmly

committed to upholding the right to education of the Muslim minority in Thrace and since

the 1990s, a programme to upgrade their education had been in place.

128. The Asylum Service was identifying unaccompanied minor migrant children and

attempting to determine if there was a parent or other person responsible for each child.

Greece was trying to find more reception centres for them and to upgrade the relevant

procedures.

129. Greece had taken special measures for the education of the Roma. However, there

were still individual reports of Roma children who received education in segregated

schools. Some had been dealt with successfully, but others needed further interventions and

the involvement of the whole community.

130. The new national action plan on gender equality was under preparation. The

priorities included social cohesion, poverty eradication and addressing the migration crisis

with a gender perspective.

131. Greece had stepped up its efforts to combat trafficking in persons, especially through

the establishment of the Office of the National Rapporteur. It provided further details on its

actions.

132. The implementation of the National Action Plan on Human Rights (2014-2016)

would be evaluated at the end of 2016 and a follow-on plan would be prepared in

consultation with the public and civil society.

133. The refugee crisis had offered Greek society collective self-esteem: the lost belief in

solidarity had been regained and local communities had demonstrated it. Greece intended to

use the challenges mentioned in the interactive dialogue not as an excuse, but as a means of

understanding reality. It assured the meeting that the recommendations would be widely

disseminated and thanked the participants in the discussion.

II. Conclusions and/or recommendations

134. The recommendations listed below have been examined by Greece and enjoyed

the support of Greece:

134.1 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on

Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (Montenegro) (Italy) (Portugal);

134.2 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the

Child on a communications procedure (Montenegro) (Portugal);

134.3 Ratify and domesticate the Optional Protocol to the Convention on

the Rights of the Child on a communications procedure (Kenya);

134.4 Ratify the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness

(Ghana);

134.5 Consider ratifying the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing

and Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence (Georgia);

134.6 Ratify the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and

Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence (Istanbul

Convention) (Belgium) (Bosnia and Herzegovina) (Bulgaria) (Italy)

(Netherlands) (Portugal) (Slovenia) (Thailand) (Turkey);

134.7 Intensify efforts to combat violence against women and domestic

violence and ratify the Council of Europe Convention on Preventing and

Combating Violence against Women and Domestic Violence (Istanbul

Convention) (Austria);

134.8 Develop national human rights indicators, as suggested by OHCHR,

as an instrument that allows for a more precise and coherent evaluation of its

national human rights policies (Portugal);

134.9 Ensure the adequate financial resources for the national human

rights institutions (Poland);

134.10 Develop, in collaboration with the National Commission for Human

Rights, an operational and comprehensive human rights strategy (Ukraine);

134.11 Finalise and implement a National Action Plan on the Rights of the

Child as a matter of priority; in the meantime, put measures in place to protect

those who are vulnerable such as unaccompanied children and children with

disabilities (Botswana);

134.12 Finalize, as soon as possible, the National Action Plan on the Rights

of the Child and address, as a matter of priority, the issue of unaccompanied

children (China);

134.13 Complete the elaboration of the National Action Plan on the Rights of

the Child and address, as a matter of priority, the issue of unaccompanied

children (Cyprus);

134.14 Adopt and effectively implement a national action plan on the rights

of the child with special attention to protection of the rights of children in

institutional care and children with disabilities (Czech Republic);

** The conclusions and recommendations have not been edited.

134.15 Expedite the process of finalization of the National Action Plan on the

Rights of the Child (Georgia);

134.16 Expedite the adoption of a National Action Plan to protect the rights

of children (Maldives);

134.17 Prioritise the review and reform of the legislative framework to fully

safeguard the rights of unaccompanied minors, including through finalisation

of its National Action Plan on the Rights of the Child (Jamaica);

134.18 Finalize the National Action Plan on the Rights of the Child,

attaching the necessary importance to the issue of unaccompanied children

(Romania);

134.19 Finalise the National Action Plan on the Rights of the Child and

address, as a matter of priority, the issue of unaccompanied children (South

Africa);

134.20 Strengthen human rights education and training (Morocco);

134.21 Take appropriate measures to improve inclusion and social diversity,

by conducting public campaigns on racism and xenophobia and include

awareness-raising and education in the field of human rights in the curriculum

of public schools (Honduras);

134.22 Undertake further initiatives to address hate speech directed against

members of vulnerable groups, and ensure sufficient focus on this topic in the

education system (Norway);

134.23 Conduct public campaigns on racism and xenophobia; and include

human rights education in the educational curriculum of public schools

(Nigeria);

134.24 Provide human rights training to law enforcement officials to end

incidents of police brutality and excessive use of force (Sierra Leone);

134.25 Include the issue of domestic violence in regular education and

training courses for police officers, prosecutors and judges (Slovenia);

134.26 Continue the promotion and the protection of human rights,

particularly for women, children and vulnerable groups in the society

(Bahrain);

134.27 Continue to take measures to protect the rights of children, women

and refugees (Pakistan);

134.28 Continue efforts aimed at promoting rights of children, women,

persons with disabilities (Ukraine);

134.29 Accelerate the adoption of a new comprehensive plan of action on

gender equality and ensure its effective implementation (Belarus);

134.30 Adopt and fully implement a new action plan on the gender equality

for the next period lasting till 2020 (Slovakia);

134.31 Undertake further measures to realize its policies in relation to

gender equality (Tajikistan);

134.32 Continue to strengthen measures to promote the economic

empowerment of women particularly in the time of the financial crisis (United

Arab Emirates);

134.33 Continue the efforts to promote gender equality, with regard to the

high female unemployment rates (Bulgaria);

134.34 Take additional measures in order to fully implement the national

legislation securing gender equality (Iraq);

134.35 Continue to strengthen measures to promote tolerance and respect

for cultural diversity and to counter prejudice, stereotypes, discrimination,

racism, and Islamophobia (United Arab Emirates);

134.36 Take further actions to combat incitement to hatred and racist

crimes against foreign nationals, including by promoting a positive narration

on international migration and pursuing the National Action Plan against

Racism and Intolerance (Malaysia);

134.37 Ensure that all crimes committed with a discriminatory motive are

fully and effectively investigated and prosecuted (Australia);

134.38 Effectively investigate hate crimes and violent attacks against

individuals from vulnerable and marginalized groups, including ethnic and

religious minorities; prosecute perpetrators as well (Canada);

134.39 Continue to fight against racist crimes and hate speech (China);

134.40 Investigate all cases of xenophobia, violence and attacks against

migrants, including the involvement of law enforcement officers in such crimes

(Ghana);

134.41 Investigate all cases of violence and xenophobic attacks, including

any type of participation in these crimes by the forces of public order and of the

staff of detention centres (Guatemala);

134.42 Investigate all cases of xenophobic violence and attacks against

migrants, including any law enforcement involvement in those crimes

(Namibia);

134.43 Investigate all cases of xenophobic violence (Iceland);

134.44 Fully implement the already existing and recently amended

legislation to combat racism and xenophobia (Israel);

134.45 Continue efforts to address hate speech against refugees and

migrants (Lebanon);

134.46 Investigate all cases of xenophobic violence and attacks against

migrants (Nigeria);

134.47 Implement stricter policies aimed at ending racial violence as

perpetuated against migrants and foreigners (Sierra Leone);

134.48 Take additional measures to combat violence related to racial

discrimination (France);

134.49 Increase the measures for combatting intolerance and xenophobic

and racist violence (Peru);

134.50 Extend measures to address the problem of hate speech, especially by

ensuring effective investigations (Germany);

134.51 Continue to deepen awareness-raising measures on discrimination

against asylum seekers and refugees, in particular through the investigation of

cases of violence and xenophobic attacks against migrants (Argentina);

134.52 Adopt a comprehensive strategy to fight against all forms of racism

and xenophobia (Algeria);

134.53 Continue maximum efforts to ensure freedom from discrimination

for certain minorities, especially school age children and women (Uruguay);

134.54 Continue its endeavours to combat racism, including through

establishing a national board against racism and intolerance (Egypt);

134.55 Take additional measures in combating racism, racial discrimination

and xenophobia and fully implement the applicable law (Armenia);

134.56 Continue its efforts to eliminate all forms of racial discrimination,

xenophobia and intolerance (Holy See);

134.57 Promote and develop laws to combat all forms of discrimination,

racism and xenophobia (Lebanon);

134.58 Continue efforts to fight against racism and racial discrimination

(Morocco);

134.59 Continue the efforts to combat racism, racial discrimination and

xenophobia (Poland);

134.60 Continue to take further steps, with a view to combatting racism,

racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance, and to implement

the existing and newly adopted legislation (Romania);

134.61 Ensure full implementation of legislation aimed at combating racism,

racial discrimination, xenophobia and related intolerance (South Africa);

134.62 Work on increasing racial, ethnic and religious tolerance

(Tajikistan);

134.63 Adopt a national plan to combat social exclusion and vulnerability of

women belonging to Muslim communities, Roma women, migrants and women

living in rural areas (Algeria);

134.64 Combat more actively the stereotypes and prejudices to which

lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons are subject, organizing

public awareness campaigns and ensuring that the perpetrators of acts of

violence on the grounds of sexual orientation are prosecuted and punished

(Chile);

134.65 Adopt measures to fight against discrimination based on sexual

orientation or gender identity (Israel);

134.66 Actively investigate instances of discrimination in employment,

including against lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons

(United States of America);

134.67 Improve the treatment of migrants, asylum seekers, Roma population

and other marginalized groups by law enforcement officials (Albania);

134.68 Ensure in practice the accountability of law enforcement officers in

cases of abuse (Belarus);

134.69 Prosecute and punish perpetrators of acts of torture in accordance

with the law (Togo);

134.70 Continue with its efforts to avoid excessive use of force by law

enforcement officials, in particular related to the policing of demonstrations

and crowd control (Holy See);

134.71 Staff and operationalize the office established for handling alleged

instances of abuses of law enforcers in order to address all alleged attacks and

reports of ill treatment (Botswana);

134.72 Strengthen efforts to prevent torture, including through ensuring

that the Office responsible for handling alleged instances of abuses as foreseen

by Law 3938/2011 functions effectively and independently and with sufficient

funding and staff (Czech Republic);

134.73 Ensure the mechanism for handling allegations of ill-treatment by

law enforcement officials of members of marginalised groups, such as migrants,

asylum-seekers and Roma, is made operational as soon as possible, and that its

investigations are carried out in a prompt, thorough and impartial manner

(Ireland);

134.74 Establish an effective and independent mechanism to register

complaints filed against the Greek authorities and investigate the alleged

violations (Switzerland);

134.75 Reduce overcrowding and ensure that prison conditions in Greece

meet international human rights standards (Austria);

134.76 Take all necessary measures to improve the conditions in prisons and

resolve the issue of prison overcrowding (France);

134.77 Extend the use of alternative detention measures as a step towards

compliance with international standards of custody (Germany);

134.78 Continue to improve conditions of detention, including through

appropriate assistance from regional and international partners (Jamaica);

134.79 Initiate a long-term awareness-raising campaign against domestic

violence and its root causes among the general public as well as professionals

such as medical doctors, judges and the police and monitor and evaluate

regularly the implementation of the domestic violence law and policies in order

to strengthen the remedies and legal protection available to victims of domestic

violence (Czech Republic);

134.80 Accelerate the amendments to the relevant legal texts necessary to

bring them into conformity with the National Programme on Preventing and

Combating Violence against Women (Spain);

134.81 Place greater emphasis on sensitization and gather data

disaggregated by age, gender and the relationship between victims and

offenders in relation to gender-based violence (Spain);

134.82 Further strengthen measures aimed at preventing and combating

domestic violence (Israel);

134.83 Establish systems for monitoring and gathering information with the

view to prevent abuse and ill-treatment of children, as well as other situations

of negligence or lack of adequate care (Mexico);

134.84 Take necessary steps for the implementation of the relevant legal and

policy framework, with a view to combat effectively trafficking in persons,

identifying victims, providing them with all the necessary assistance and

support, and prosecuting traffickers (Islamic Republic of Iran);

134.85 Take necessary measures to strengthen identification, rehabilitation

and social integration of victims of trafficking in human beings, including by

providing them with shelter and assistance (Republic of Moldova);

134.86 Take necessary steps for the implementation of the relevant legal and

policy framework to combat trafficking in persons, identifying victims and

providing them with all necessary assistance and support (South Africa);

134.87 Continue the implementation of the appropriate legal and policy

frameworks for the effective combatting of trafficking in persons (Tajikistan);

134.88 Implement measures to ensure more effective legal procedures and

speedier resolution of legal cases (Norway);

134.89 Take the necessary measures to accelerate processing of court cases

in respect of the right to access to justice and right to a fair trial (France);

134.90 Continue to reform its domestic child protection system in order to

end institutional residential care and move towards a community based model

(United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland);

134.91 Continue the efforts deployed by the Greek government to start the

implementation of the alternative care program for children (Iraq);

134.92 Move towards deinstitutionalisation of all children by investing in

and promoting family-based care facilities for children in line with the

Guidelines for the Alternative Care of Children (Slovakia);

134.93 Ensure religious freedom and tolerance, by measures such as

decriminalizing blasphemy and protecting the rights of religious minorities,

atheists and agnostics (Brazil);

134.94 Continue to implement policies which guarantee the effective right to

freedom of religion for the Muslim minority of Thrace (Peru);

134.95 Continue its efforts to increase the participation of women in political

life and in decision-making positions (Cuba);

134.96 Adopt and implement necessary legislative and administrative

measures to promote the effective participation of women in the public and

political life of the country (Mexico);

134.97 Continue to promote the right to work for all including through

providing technical and vocational training for young people (Egypt);

134.98 Develop policies and programs to effectively implement the National

Strategy for Social Inclusion (Indonesia);

134.99 Step up measures to mitigate the negative impacts of economic

measures, with an emphasis on improving social protection systems and

eradicating poverty (Malaysia);

134.100 Continue to take appropriate measures to protect the most

vulnerable sectors and to preserve social cohesion, in the face of the huge social

inequalities and ensure the enjoyment of basic goods and services for families

living in conditions of poverty (Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela);

134.101 Continue implementing the plan endorsed by the government in

November 2014 aiming to help families and individuals living in conditions of

extreme poverty (Bahrain);

134.102 Make every effort within its capacity to implement Law 4320/2015 to

give people living in poverty access to basic goods and services (Libya);

134.103 Continue its efforts to mitigate the negative results of the economic

crisis and the austerity measures that primarily affect the most disadvantaged

groups of the population (Cuba);

134.104 Continue its efforts to mitigate the negative impacts of the economic

crisis and austerity measures on the most disadvantaged segments of the

population (Nepal);

134.105 Take further steps to mitigate the impact of the economic crisis and

austerity measures on the social and economic rights of the most vulnerable

groups of the society (Poland);

134.106 Continue to highlight during its negotiations with international

creditors, the necessity to protect economic, social and cultural rights in the

context of financial aid programme, in accordance with the obligations

undertaken by Greece in international human rights conventions (Armenia);

134.107 Continue its efforts to mitigate the negative impact of the economic

crisis on human rights and to urge the international lenders to support the

Government’s endeavours in this area (Egypt);

134.108 Continue to raise, in the negotiations with international lenders, the

need to protect economic, social and cultural rights in the context of the

national assistance program, bearing in mind that the institutions involved,

including international financial institutions, should fully take into

consideration Greece’s obligations under the relevant human rights treaties

(Islamic Republic of Iran);

134.109 Ensure equal access for girls and women to all levels of education in

all regions (Republic of Korea);

134.110 Ensure sustainable and universal access to education for children,

including children with disabilities and children living in remote areas

(Malaysia);

134.111 Take concrete steps to end discrimination against persons with

disabilities (Maldives);

134.112 Address the discrimination faced by persons with disabilities with

regards to access to education, employment and healthcare (Ghana);

134.113 Further develop policies aiming for inclusive education and access to

work for people with disabilities (Israel);

134.114 Intensify efforts to eliminate discrimination against persons with

disabilities with a view to improving their access to employment, social services

and education (Thailand);

134.115 Promote increased autonomy to persons with disabilities in the fields

of health, employment and education as additional steps following the

ratification of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

(Spain);

134.116 Take steps to fully integrate Roma children in its education system,

including by ending discrimination and segregation of Roma children in schools

(Australia);

134.117 Further improve the access of minority groups, specially Roma and,

in particular, Roma children and adolescents, to education (Brazil);

134.118 Take steps to end discrimination and segregation suffered by Roma

children in the school system in accordance with its international obligations

(Switzerland);

134.119 Fully implement the National Strategy for the Integration of the

Roma to avoid discrimination against them and to increase their opportunity

for education and employment (Honduras);

134.120 Continue to deepen the actions for the protection and promotion of

the rights of the Roma (Argentina);

134.121 Intensify the actions which ensure the integration of the Roma

community and their full enjoyment of human rights, in particular the rights to

work and education (Peru);

134.122 Continue its work to safeguard full respect of human rights for, and

non-discrimination of, the Roma population in Greece, in line with Greece’s

international obligations, and in doing so fully and effectively implement

adopted strategies at all levels (Sweden);

134.123 Continue efforts towards gender equality, including ensuring

effective review and control by domestic civil courts of inheritance and family

matters determined by religious bodies for Muslim minority women in Thrace

(Australia);

134.124 Continue the protection of the rights of migrants (Morocco);

134.125 Ensure full respect for the human rights of migrants (Nigeria);

134.126 Continue to protect the rights of migrants living in its territory

(Senegal);

134.127 Supervise the working conditions of migrant workers effectively

(Belarus);

134.128 Urgently strengthen the capacities of the Asylum Service (Austria);

134.129 Ensure adequate reception conditions so that asylum seekers receive

support in line with the requirements of the European Convention for the

Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms and of European

Union law (Austria);

134.130 Ensure that the refugee flows across its territory continue to be

managed in accordance with the obligations of Greece in respect of human

rights (Spain);

134.131 Pay particular priority for improving reception conditions for

refugees and migrants and continue its efforts for a more efficient asylum

procedure (Norway);

134.132 Ensure that the legislative and policy response to increases in

irregular migration is consistent with international human rights and refugee

law, particularly the principle of non-refoulement (Canada);

134.133 Work for the amelioration of the situation of migrants, particularly

with regard to access to, and quality of, the asylum procedure, as well as the

conditions in detention centres, and to ensure that full respect for human rights

of all migrants and protection is granted to refugees in line with Greece’s

international obligations (Sweden);

134.134 Maintain addressing the emerging situation of refugee influx and

migratory pressures while continuing to ensure the necessary respect for

human rights (Egypt);

134.135 Take further measures, both in terms of legislation and implemented

policies, in order to ensure the respect for human rights of all migrants

(Poland);

134.136 Ensure that the human rights of migrants, and migration policy and

practice are fully respected by national legislation, and strengthen all efforts to

implement the National Action Plan and Migration Management (Holy See);

134.137 Ensure that domestic legislation fully respects the human rights or

refugees and migrants (Iceland);

134.138 Ensure that the authority tasked with the management of European

Union funds, such as the Asylum, Migration and Integration Fund, commences

operations as swiftly as possible (Iceland);

134.139 Accelerate efforts to provide effective structures for identification,

care and accommodation to protect and support vulnerable migrant and

refugee arrivals, including victims of torture, unaccompanied minors, and

persons with disabilities (Ireland);

134.140 Continue to provide assistance and protect the rights of irregular

migrants fleeing from conflict through partnerships at the regional and

international level (Malaysia);

134.141 Ensure systematic provision of adequate information to all refugees

and migrants arriving in Greece on asylum procedures, the European Union

relocation scheme and family reunification possibilities (Namibia);

134.142 Ensure the most vulnerable asylum seekers and migrants — such as

women who are pregnant or with young children, unaccompanied minors, and

persons with disabilities — have access to basic services and safe, adequate

living conditions, including by increasing shelter capacity (Canada);

134.143 In cooperation with other European nations and international

organizations, work to improve resources, living conditions, and safety at

migrant processing centres (United States of America);

134.144 Redouble efforts to ensure decent living conditions for migrants and

asylum seekers in the reception centres (Costa Rica);

134.145 Continue to develop its national Asylum Service while paying special

attention to human rights, to living conditions of reception facilities and to the

needs of vulnerable groups (Finland);

134.146 Continue to reinforce strategies to avoid the prolonged stay of

migrants, particularly unaccompanied minors, in centres without the necessary

care infrastructure (Mexico);

134.147 Take measures, together with her international partners, to increase

shelter capacity for asylum-seekers and unaccompanied children (Namibia);

134.148 Continue efforts to ensure decent living conditions in all reception

and detention centres for migrants and asylum seekers by providing adequate

healthcare services, food, sanitary conditions and access to transportation

(Timor-Leste);

134.149 Ensure decent living conditions in all reception and detention centres

for migrants and asylum seekers by providing adequate services (Uganda);

134.150 Give necessary attention to the safety of migrants and international

staff deployed in the reception centres on the Greek islands (Belgium);

134.151 Take measures to improve the monitoring, identification and care of

unaccompanied minors who arrive in the country (United Kingdom of Great

Britain and Northern Ireland);

134.152 Establish and adequately resource a well-functioning guardianship

and care system for unaccompanied minor refugees or asylum seekers

(Norway);

134.153 Consider assigning full authority to a body to supervise issues

relevant to the protection of unaccompanied immigrant minors in coordination

with other agencies (Panama);

134.154 Undertake measures to improve the legislative base with the aim of

increasing the effectiveness of institutions providing guardianship to

unaccompanied children (Russian Federation).

135. The following recommendations enjoy the support of Greece, which considers

that they are already implemented:

135.1 Accede to the International Convention on the Elimination of All

Forms of Racial Discrimination (Senegal);

135.2 Include human rights education in the curriculum of schools

(Maldives);

135.3 Revise its Law 3005/2006 on Combating Domestic Violence to address

the issue of marital rape, to prohibit physical violence against minors and

facilitate legal procedure for victims (Thailand).

136. The following recommendations will be examined by Greece, which will

provide responses in due time, but no later than the thirty-third session of the Human

Rights Council, in September 2016:

136.1 Consider ratification of ILO Convention 189 (Philippines);

136.2 Ratify and domesticate ILO Convention on Domestic Workers

No. 189 (Kenya);

136.3 Ratify the Protocol No. 12 to the Convention for the Protection of

Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms of the Council of Europe

(Hungary) (the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia);

136.4 Ratify the Framework Convention for the Protection of National

Minorities (the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia);

136.5 Intensify the work aimed at the ratification of the Council of Europe

Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, signed by

Greece in 1997 (Hungary);

136.6 Make fully operational the National Observatory for the rights of

children and clearly define its coordinating role (Togo);

136.7 Ensure that its policies, legislation, regulations and enforcement

measures effectively serve to prevent and address the heightened risk of

business involvement in abuses in conflict situations, which includes situations

of foreign occupation (State of Palestine);

136.8 Take legislative measures to curtail hate speech, not only by

extremists but also by the mainstream media and public figures, as there has

been an increase in hate-motivated crimes against refugees, migrants and

minorities, including hate crimes affecting religious and ethnic minorities

(Pakistan);

136.9 Take additional effective measures to combat racist crimes targeting

migrants and Roma especially in the areas of employment, education, health

and housing (Qatar);

136.10 Actively investigate and condemn instances of discrimination against

non-citizens and members of religious and ethnic minority groups, and

condemn anti-Semitic statements made by public officials (United States of

America);

136.11 Take steps towards full legal recognition of same-sex relationships;

this includes registered partnership, fiscal partnership, and marriage and the

possibility to adopt children (Netherlands);

136.12 Establish an independent mechanism for the investigation of

allegations of torture by police officers in order to ensure that police detention

remains subject to rigid time limits and judicial review by a court (Albania);

136.13 Adopt legislative measures to prohibit the detention of minors and to

decriminalize child begging (Costa Rica);

136.14 Fulfil its long-standing pledge for constructing a mosque in Athens,

and open one of the historical mosques in Thessaloniki to worship, as well as

allocating a cemetery for Muslims in both cities (Turkey);

136.15 Review the current legislation with a view to recognizing an

alternative to military service, which is accessible to all conscientious objectors

and is not punitive or discriminatory (Uruguay);

136.16 Consider changes in legislation and practice in order to ensure that

individuals who express conscientious objection to compulsory military service

on the grounds of freedom of thought, conscience, disability, and/or religion do

not face harassment or prosecution, and that they have the opportunity to

perform civilian service of equal length to the one of military service (Slovenia);

136.17 Decriminalize defamation and place it within a civil code that is in

accordance with international standards (Ghana);

136.18 Undertake accurate measures to register associations of distinct

communities, including those claiming minority group status (the former

Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia);

136.19 Recognize the Roma as a minority and continue to improve the

standards in housing, education and health care (Germany);

136.20 Set appropriate quotas to accelerate the equal representation of

women in all areas of public life (Costa Rica);

136.21 Adopt measures to increase the representation of women in positions

of responsibility in the legislative and executive organs, setting specific

deadlines for this (Chile);

136.22 Review its legislation to ensure all forms of hatred against minorities

are prohibited by law (Republic of Korea);

136.23 Take measures to increase the attendance rates of Roma students and

their retention in school by, inter alia, providing sufficient comprehensive

measures to cover education-related expenses and raising awareness of the

importance of education among Roma families (State of Palestine);

136.24 Limit the use of detention of asylum seekers, refugees and stateless

persons (Norway);

136.25 Redouble efforts to implement the National Plan of Action on the

Management of Asylum and Migration and establish a mechanism for

automatic judicial review of expulsion orders (Honduras);

136.26 Prohibit the detention of unaccompanied children in law and end it in

practice, and increase shelter capacity for unaccompanied children seeking

asylum (Belgium).

137. The recommendations below did not enjoy the support of Greece and would

thus be noted:

137.1 Consider the possibility of acceding to the International Convention

on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their

Families (Egypt);

137.2 Consider ratification of the International Convention on the

Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their

Families (Philippines);

137.3 Accede to the International Convention on the Protection of the

Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (Senegal);

137.4 Accede to the International Convention on the Protection of the

Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (Turkey);

137.5 Ratify and domesticate the International Convention on the

Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their

Families (Kenya);

137.6 Consider ratifying the International Convention on the Protection of

the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (Algeria)

(Timor-Leste) (Chile);

137.7 Consider accession to the International Convention on the Protection

of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families

(Indonesia);

137.8 Ratify the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of

All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (Uruguay) (Ecuador)

(Guatemala) (Ghana) (Honduras);

137.9 Ratify the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of

All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families and revise the national

laws and regulations to ensure full protection against forced labour for all

categories of workers, and ensure effective oversight of labour conditions

(Albania);

137.10 Ratify the Convention against Discrimination in Education of the

United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (Slovenia);

137.11 Consider accession to the European Charter for Regional or Minority

Languages (Hungary);

137.12 Take result-oriented measures for eliminating discrimination and

hate speech against migrants, Muslims and the members of the Turkish Muslim

minority (Turkey);

137.13 Take meaningful steps to guarantee in practice the equal and

effective enjoyment of culture, profession and practice of religion and use of

language by all persons, including those claiming to belong to ethnic, religious

and linguistic minorities (Albania);

137.14 Take necessary steps for recognizing the Muftis elected by the

Turkish Muslim minority and repealing the relevant articles of the Law

3536/2007 (Turkey);

137.15 Amend relevant articles of the Law on Foundations and allow the

Turkish Muslim minority to have full power over the control and supervision of

its foundations (Turkey);

137.16 Execute the European Court of Human Rights judgments passed in

2008 about the applications of three minority associations, outlawed on grounds

that they had the word “Turkish” in their names (Turkey);

137.17 Take effective measures for the recognition of all minorities in order

to fully protect their rights, their language, religion, culture and identity (the

former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia);

137.18 Redouble its effort in order to fully observe the Committee on the

Rights of the Child’s concern at persistent discrimination against Roma

children, children of Turkish origin and children from groups identifying

themselves (the former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia);

137.19 Initiate procedures for the opening of Turkish-Greek bilingual

kindergartens, as well as new bilingual minority schools in line with the current

needs of the minority (Turkey);

137.20 Consider implementing effectively the national action plan for

migrants without prejudice to their status by decriminalization of irregular

migration situation (Bangladesh);

137.21 Apply dignified and humanitarian treatment, which respects the

universal principles of human rights, to refugees in the detention centres, with

measures such as ending immediate deportations at sea and land borders, the

deportations and arrests of migrant children and refugees and the greatest

possible protection for unaccompanied children (Ecuador);

137.22 Introduce and implement further programs and policies focusing on

the integration of migrants and national minorities into the Greek society

(Ukraine);

137.23 Set up a comprehensive long-term strategy for refugees and

migrants, and prevent the violation of the principle of non-refoulement/forced

return (Qatar);

137.24 Reinstate the citizenship of about 60,000 Greek nationals under the

repealed Article 19 of the Greek Citizenship Code (Turkey).

138. All conclusions and/or recommendations contained in the present report reflect

the position of the submitting State(s) and/or the State under review. They should not

be construed as endorsed by the Working Group as a whole.

Annex

Composition of the delegation

The delegation of Greece was headed by Mr. Kostis Papaioannou, Secretary-General

for Transparency and Human Rights and composed of the following members:

• Mr. Ioannis Tsaoussis, Charge d’Affaires a.i., Counsellor of Embassy, Permanent

Representation of Greece (Geneva)

• Mr. Elias Kastanas, Legal Counsellor, Legal Department, Ministry of Foreign

Affairs

• Ms. Elissavet Chatzimichalarou, Expert Minister Counsellor, Human Rights

Directorate, Ministry of Foreign Affairs

• Ms. Maria Ververidou, Expert Minister Counsellor, Office of National Rapporteur

on Trafficking in Human Beings, Ministry of Foreign Affairs

• Ms. Maria Stavropoulou, Director, Asylum Service, Ministry of the Interior and

Administrative Reconstruction (Migration Policy)

• Mr. Michail Manoussakis, Secretary of Embassy, Permanent Representation of

Greece (Geneva)

• Ms. Maria Rossidi, Special advisor to the Secretary-General, Ministry of Justice,

Transparency and Human Rights

• Mr. Andreas Karageorgos, Police Major, Hellenic Police HQ, Border Protection

Division, Ministry of the Interior and Administrative Reconstruction (Citizens’

Protection)

• Mr. Eleftherios Lemonis, Police Lieutenant, Hellenic Police HQ, Illegal Migration

Control Division, Ministry of the Interior and Administrative Reconstruction

(Citizens’ Protection)

• Ms. Georgia Papageorgiou, Head of Section for European and International

Cooperation, Ministry of the Interior and Administrative Reconstruction (General

Secretariat for Gender Equality)

• Ms. Aikaterini Toura, European and International Affairs Department, Ministry of

Education, Research and Religion

• Ms. Evangelia Zerva, Rapporteur, International Affairs Department, Ministry of

Labour, Social Security and Social Solidarity

• Ms. Chrysanthi Kantziou, Department of Administrative Service and Support,

Ministry of Health

• Mr. Stylianos Kourkoulis, Commander (HCG), Head of Integrated Maritime

Surveillance Bureau, Ministry of Maritime and Island Policy.