39/10 Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review - Djibouti

GE.18-11480 (E) 180718 190718



Human Rights Council Thirty-ninth session

10–28 September 2018

Agenda item 6

Universal periodic review

Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review*

Djibouti

* The annex is being circulated without formal editing, in the languages of submission only.

United Nations A/HRC/39/10

General Assembly Distr.: General 11 July 2018

English

Original: English/French

2 GE.18-11480

Introduction

1. The Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review, established in accordance

with Human Rights Council resolution 5/1, held its thirtieth session from 7 to 18 May 2018.

The review of Djibouti was held at the 8th meeting, on 10 May 2018. The delegation of

Djibouti was headed by the Minister of Justice and Penitentiary Affairs, in charge of

Human Rights, Moumin Ahmed Cheick. At its 14th meeting, held on 15 May 2018, the

Working Group adopted the report on Djibouti.

2. On 10 January 2018, the Human Rights Council selected the following group of

rapporteurs (troika) to facilitate the review of Djibouti: Brazil, Japan and Nigeria.

3. In accordance with paragraph 15 of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution

5/1 and paragraph 5 of the annex to Council resolution 16/21, the following documents

were issued for the review of Djibouti:

(a) A national report submitted/written presentation made in accordance with

paragraph 15 (a) (A/HRC/WG.6/30/DJI/1);

(b) A compilation prepared by the Office of the United Nations High

Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) in accordance with paragraph 15 (b)

(A/HRC/WG.6/30/DJI/2);

(c) A summary prepared by OHCHR in accordance with paragraph 15 (c)

(A/HRC/WG.6/30/DJI/3).

4. A list of questions prepared in advance by Belgium, Brazil, Germany, Liechtenstein,

Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern

Ireland was transmitted to Djibouti through the troika. These questions are available on the

website of the universal periodic review.

I. Summary of the proceedings of the review process

A. Presentation by the State under review

5. The head of the delegation of Djibouti, Mr. Moumin Ahmed Cheikh, Minister of

Justice, Penal Affairs and Human Rights, said that, by means of constitutional provisions,

the death penalty has been abolished and protections have been provided to guarantee the

freedoms of expression, association, assembly, religion and conscience, and the rights to

justice, to a fair trial and not to be subjected to torture or to degrading or humiliating

treatment.

6. Djibouti has ratified a large number of international conventions and has submitted

periodic reports to various treaty bodies. Its most recent submission was in August 2017 to

the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination.

7. Consultations have been held with the participation of representatives of civil

society, academia, the legal profession and religious communities, with a view to ratifying

the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and

Members of Their Families and the International Convention for the Protection of All

Persons from Enforced Disappearance, among others.

8. With the aim of strengthening the human rights protections embodied in the

Constitution, Djibouti has adopted a Civil Code that guarantees the right to privacy, the

presumption of innocence and the prohibition of all eugenic practices.

9. In addition, Djibouti plans to reform the Criminal Code and the Code of Criminal

Procedure, with special emphasis on clarifying the definitions of discrimination and torture.

It has also considered the question of the depenalization of defamation.

10. The institutions responsible for the promotion and protection of human rights, in

particular the National Human Rights Commission, have been strengthened. With the

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adoption of the Act in 2014, the Commission was fully compliant with the principles

relating to the status of national institutions for the promotion and protection of human

rights (Paris Principles), and steps have been taken with a view to obtaining its “A” status

accreditation. In addition, the National Human Rights Commission enjoys full

independence and receives support in the form of material and human resources from the

Government, thereby enabling it to carry out its functions.

11. With a view to further promoting human rights, Djibouti has also established the

National Anti-Corruption Commission and the National Commission on Communication.

12. Djibouti pays particular attention to the freedoms of expression and information,

given the challenge posed by hate speech and extremism. Along these lines, Djibouti is host

to the regional Centre of Excellence in Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism of

the Intergovernmental Authority on Development and the East African Community.

13. In 2014, in an effort to keep the peace, the Government signed an agreement aimed

at resolving the crisis involving the opposition coalition known as the Union pour le Salut

National following the 2013 parliamentary elections. An amnesty was granted to persons

who committed offences related to the elections, and a law setting out regulations on the

opposition was promulgated.

14. With regard to the freedom of association, Djibouti stated that the Constitution and

the Act of 1901 serve to promote the development of an active civil society, which is

composed of over 600 associations.

15. Regarding the right to health, Djibouti has developed a universal health insurance

plan, in respect of which the poorest members of the population are not required to pay

contributions. Moreover, persons living in rural areas receive regular medical care, thanks

in part to the mobile clinic project. The Ministry of Health has made women and children

the focus of its efforts, which has led to a sharp decline in child and maternal mortality. The

system for HIV/AIDS screening and access to treatment for people living with HIV/AIDS

have been improved. Over the past 10 years, the Government has significantly increased the

number of health-care workers.

16. Djibouti has appealed to the international community to further increase cooperation

in the health sector.

17. In the area of education, the Government has undertaken efforts to build schools and

develop vocational training and higher education.

18. Efforts have also been focused on the issue of housing, and hundreds of houses for

the poor have been built.

19. In order to ensure that every household has access to drinking water, Djibouti has

carried out several major projects, such as the water and soil management programme and

the construction of a desalination plant.

20. With regard to social issues, the Government has adopted a national anti-poverty

strategy, known as Vision Djibouti 2035. An agricultural investment programme and a food

and nutrition security programme were also introduced for the period 2016–2026.

21. In addition, new laws had been adopted: a law to raise the intertrade minimum wage

(SMIG) and a law to make sexual assault in the workplace a criminal offence. Legislation

had also been adopted to protect older persons, refugees and victims of trafficking.

B. Interactive dialogue and responses by the State under review

22. During the interactive dialogue, 91 delegations made statements. Recommendations

made during the dialogue are to be found in section II of the present report.

23. Turkey congratulated Djibouti for the peaceful parliamentary elections of February

2018 and welcomed efforts to reduce poverty.

24. Turkmenistan noted with interest the way in which Djibouti had incorporated

recommendations from the previous review cycle into its policies, and positively assessed

4 GE.18-11480

the adoption of the long-term national strategies for gender equality, children, education,

health and housing.

25. Uganda expressed appreciation for the continued engagement of Djibouti with the

universal periodic review process and the United Nations treaty bodies, and the actions

taken to strengthen the National Human Rights Commission, noting the insufficient

resources.

26. Ukraine expressed serious concern about reports of attacks and threats against

journalists, the excessive use of force by the security forces and politically motivated

prosecutions.

27. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland welcomed the

development of a five-year strategy to eradicate female genital mutilation and encouraged

Djibouti to enhance efforts to promote women’s full equality and review clauses on

defamation in the Criminal Code.

28. The United States of America congratulated Djibouti for conducting peaceful

legislative elections and for taking measures to increase political representation of women,

while also expressing concern over reports of detentions and arrests of opposition members,

journalists and demonstrators.

29. Uruguay welcomed the progress made on universal birth registration, in accordance

with article 7 of the Code of Legal Protection of Minors.

30. The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela noted that Djibouti had reinforced the legal

framework of the National Human Rights Commission to ensure compliance with the Paris

Principles, and the progress made in the achievement of the Sustainable Development

Goals, providing assistance to families most in need through aid in food expenditure and

food distribution, among others.

31. Viet Nam expressed appreciation for the adoption of the national programme Vision

Djibouti 2035 to combat poverty and promote economic, social and cultural rights.

32. Yemen commended progress in harmonizing the National Human Rights

Commission with the Paris Principles, and the adoption of a number of national strategies,

particularly those relating to children’s rights, education and development.

33. Zambia commended Djibouti for the positive efforts made to raise the living

standards of its citizens. It expressed concern about continued reports of violence against

women and harmful traditional practices, in particular female genital mutilation.

34. Zimbabwe noted steps to bring the National Human Rights Commission in line with

the Paris Principles, in particular strengthening its independence and its material and human

resources.

35. Afghanistan commended efforts in the field of education, specifically the Master

Plan for Education 2013–2019, as part of the long-term national strategy, Vision Djibouti

2035.

36. Algeria commended the adoption of a law on violence against women and the

measures taken to combat female genital mutilation. It noted government efforts to give

legal protection to persons living with HIV/AIDS and commended the introduction of free

universal health coverage.

37. Angola commended Djibouti for its efforts to strengthen the health, education and

social protection of its citizens.

38. Argentina congratulated Djibouti on its new national strategy to prevent malnutrition

adopted in January 2018. It expressed concern about the persistence of female genital

mutilation and other harmful traditional practices against women.

39. Armenia commended the establishment of an action plan on education for 2017–

2019, and encouraged the Government to continue to take effective measures to develop its

education system and guarantee a quality and inclusive education. It commended efforts to

combat all forms of discrimination against women.

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40. Australia welcomed the substantial increase in the number of women Members of

Parliament, and awareness-raising campaigns on abandoning all forms of genital

mutilation. It recognized the contribution of Djibouti in welcoming refugees from

neighbouring countries.

41. Azerbaijan positively noted the legislative and institutional measures to improve the

protection and promotion of human rights in the country, including measures dedicated to

furthering the right to education for all.

42. Bahrain welcomed the adoption of the National Strategy for the Integration of

Women in Development 2003–2010 and the National Strategic Plan for Children 2011–

2015.

43. Belgium commended the efforts of the Government to improve the situation of

women and encouraged it to continue to strengthen the protection of the rights of women.

44. Benin noted the ratification of regional instruments on human rights, and the

submission of periodic reports on racism, the rights of persons with disabilities and the

rights of the child.

45. Botswana commended efforts to protect the rights of vulnerable members of society

such as women, children and disabled persons through the long-term national strategy,

Vision Djibouti 2035, and the National Strategic Plan for Children 2017.

46. Brazil congratulated Djibouti on the 2016 Act on the Status of Refugees and the

2017 refugee law. It encouraged the Government to strengthen protection for stateless

persons through accession to and the full implementation of relevant conventions. It

commended the law reserving at least 25 per cent of the seats in the National Assembly for

women.

47. Burkina Faso encouraged Djibouti to strengthen its efforts regarding freedom of

expression, access to information and freedom of association and peaceful assembly. It

encouraged the Government to ensure the compliance of national legislation with

international human rights norms.

48. Burundi commended strategies adopted by the Government to combat human

trafficking. It noted initiatives to improve the living conditions in prisons and reduce the

prison population, and to strengthen the legal framework and human resources of the

National Human Rights Commission.

49. Canada commended the adoption of a law increasing the minimum quota of women

on party lists for parliamentary elections. It also commended the adoption in 2017 of a

national law on refugees to enable them to obtain official identification documents and

improved access to education and health services.

50. Chile urged the Government to make resources available to implement development

plans using a human rights-based approach. It expressed concern about violence against

women and girls, harmful traditional practices and restrictions on political participation and

freedom of expression. It urged Djibouti to undertake institutional and legal reforms to

guarantee the full enjoyment of civil and political rights.

51. China welcomed the commitment of Djibouti to promote economic and social

development and eliminate poverty, measures taken in favour of disadvantaged groups, and

those aimed at promoting education, health and housing and fighting against human

trafficking.

52. The Congo welcomed the national strategy to combat poverty. It encouraged

Djibouti to reform its Criminal Code and Code of Criminal Procedure, and to adopt

legislation in favour of persons with disabilities and the elderly.

53. Côte d’Ivoire welcomed the adoption of legislation against trafficking in persons,

the National Strategy for the Integration of Women 2003–2010 and the National Strategic

Plan for Children 2011–2015.

54. Croatia welcomed the strengthening of the National Human Rights Commission. It

remained concerned about violations against human rights defenders participating in the

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universal periodic review process, and encouraged Djibouti to take appropriate measures to

protect civil society space.

55. Cuba welcomed measures to improve the economic, social and cultural rights of the

population and acknowledged the national strategy for the prevention of malnutrition and

the national housing policy.

56. Ecuador acknowledged the efforts of Djibouti to implement recommendations from

the previous review cycle and highlighted the National Strategic Action Plan for Children

and the Master Plan for Education 2010–2019.

57. Egypt welcomed measures taken to strengthen infrastructure, to fight against poverty

and to promote the rights to health and employment, in particular in favour of women and

children.

58. Equatorial Guinea congratulated Djibouti for its National Heath Development Plan

and welcomed its commitment to implement universal health insurance.

59. Estonia recognized the cooperation of Djibouti with the United Nations human

rights system. It welcomed progress regarding women’s rights and steps taken to ensure

universal birth registration and increase school enrolment. Estonia encouraged Djibouti to

continue its efforts regarding female genital mutilation.

60. Ethiopia noted the determination of Djibouti to establish the National Human Rights

Commission. It appreciated the commitment of Djibouti to design the Vision Djibouti 2035

strategy, which aimed at accelerating growth and the creation of employment.

61. France acknowledged the progress of Djibouti in terms of freedom of expression and

information, gender equality and the rights of migrants and refugees.

62. Gabon welcomed measures taken to combat trafficking in persons, migrant

smuggling, poverty and food insecurity; measures aimed at ensuring access to housing,

employment, water and health; and the establishment of universal health insurance covering

disadvantaged groups.

63. Georgia welcomed the strengthening of the National Human Rights Commission,

and the National Employment Policy 2014–2024. It encouraged Djibouti to enhance its

efforts with a view to preventing and combating gender-based violence.

64. Germany welcomed measures to promote and protect women’s and children’s rights

and the open and constructive dealing of Djibouti with refugees and migrants. However, it

was concerned about violent interactions with protestors and the intimidation of and

reprisals against human rights defenders.

65. Ghana expressed concern that obstacles to the registration of human rights

associations remained, and that reportedly there remained some barriers that prevented

political parties from operating freely and effectively.

66. Guinea welcomed measures to combat discrimination and improve gender equality,

and improvements in conditions of access to quality education.

67. Djibouti replied that, for the past two decades, there has been unprecedented

progress in the area of women’s rights, in terms of policies and measures aimed at ensuring

the promotion and protection of the rights of women.

68. In order to ensure women’s representation in decision-making bodies, Djibouti has

implemented a number of structural reforms: the enactment of three laws, which introduced

quotas for elected office, and the adoption of a national strategy for involving women in

development. In addition, Djibouti has established a gender monitoring centre, which has

analysed data, made recommendations and informed decision makers.

69. The Government has carried out numerous initiatives to promote women’s

empowerment. In particular, Djibouti introduced a literacy programme, a programme to

support families and women in vulnerable situations and a programme to assist women

working in male-dominated sectors. In addition, social welfare centres to promote the

employment of girl dropouts and girls not attending school, business incubators and a

service to encourage female entrepreneurship have also been set up.

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70. In keeping with its view that family welfare is an essential factor for sustainable

development, the Government has adopted a number of anti-poverty measures. Djibouti has

introduced a free helpline and has improved the unified public registry for identifying and

targeting the poor. This has led to the establishment of a large number of public service

centres that provide support to vulnerable persons. In 2017, a community development

programme was set up with a view to involving individuals in the local development of

their region.

71. In 2018, the Government adopted a law that ensures persons with special needs the

right to education on an equal basis with those who do not have disabilities, the right to

work, as well as socioeconomic and political integration, and assistance and social

protection.

72. In the area of education, Djibouti has made considerable efforts to provide equitable

access to education at all levels. According to the gender parity index, the disparity in

schools is practically non-existent. Important initiatives have been suggested, such as

opening a school for advanced students, granting scholarships, developing preschool

education (with an emphasis on children from vulnerable families or those living in rural

areas) and reforming curricula in order to ensure its compatibility with the labour market.

73. With regard to violence against women and the practice of female genital mutilation,

Djibouti has endeavoured to change behaviours among the population through targeted

initiatives, such as the establishment of a national strategy for the total elimination of all

forms of excision and a programme sponsored by the First Lady aimed at speeding up the

elimination of this practice. Alongside these efforts, action has been taken to establish

sentinel committees for combating female genital mutilation throughout the country and for

introducing modules on the practice in secondary school curricula.

74. The Ministry of Health has carried out numerous programmes that have a positive

impact on public health: the geographic distribution of medical facilities, which has served

to decentralize health care by affording access to the poor; the family planning strategy; and

the construction of clinics in the capital and a centre for the prevention of non-

communicable diseases.

75. With regard to the rights of the child, Djibouti adopted a Code for the Protection of

Minors in 2015 and established schools for deaf-mute and blind children, as well as an

integrated centre for children with special needs. In order to promote the development of

children, Djibouti has established community day nurseries and childcare centres and has

carried out a study on the situation of street children.

76. With regard to detentions and the situation of human rights defenders, it was

emphasized that the national and regional context must be taken into account. Following

the terrorist attack of 2014, Djibouti introduced a state of emergency, and the constitutional

limitation of freedoms was defined under the supervision of the legislature. Djibouti has

established an administrative investigation practice in order to verify individuals’ ties to a

certain kind of action or group. The delegation of Djibouti said it should be noted that, to

date, no human rights defender has been detained or even prosecuted. Djibouti is aware that

this issue deserves special attention.

77. Guyana commended Djibouti on the strengthening of the National Human Rights

Commission, and applauded Vision Djibouti 2035 and the introduction of a quota system

for the inclusion of women in elected office and appointment to senior government

positions.

78. Honduras welcomed legislation on domestic violence, female genital mutilation, the

protection of persons living with HIV/AIDS and trafficking in persons.

79. Iceland welcomed the laws on violence against women and on the protection of

persons living with HIV/AIDS, and expressed concern about the access of women and girls

to quality education and provisions of the Family Code that discriminated against women.

80. India welcomed the strengthening of the National Human Rights Commission and

encouraged continued efforts to implement the Master Plan for Education 2010–2019 to

8 GE.18-11480

ensure universal enrolment in basic education. It also encouraged Djibouti to increase the

quality of teaching.

81. Indonesia commended Djibouti for introducing universal insurance health coverage.

It appreciated the efforts of Djibouti in the field of education, in particular the adoption of

the second Master Plan for Education 2010–2019.

82. The Islamic Republic of Iran, while noting the efforts of Djibouti for the promotion

and protection of human rights, shared the concerns expressed by the Human Rights

Committee about trafficking in persons, in particular women and children.

83. Iraq welcomed measures taken to promote human rights, in particular in the field of

health and education, and cooperation with the United Nations human rights system

resulting in the United Nations Development Assistance Framework 2018–2022.

84. Ireland welcomed measures to strengthen the functioning of the National Human

Rights Commission, and was concerned at continuing reports of gender-based violence and

harmful traditional practices, and about the reports of intimidation and reprisals against

human rights defenders, including those who sought to engage in the third universal

periodic review cycle.

85. Italy appreciated the engagement of Djibouti to raise awareness, educate and train on

human rights.

86. Japan welcomed the promotion of children’s rights through updating the National

Strategic Action Plan for Children.

87. Kenya made recommendations.

88. Kuwait appreciated efforts linked to economic and social rights, poverty alleviation,

non-discrimination, the rights of women, children, migrants and statelessness persons, the

ratification of treaties and cooperation with human rights mechanisms.

89. The Lao People’s Democratic Republic commended the ratification of the majority

of international and regional human rights conventions and universal periodic review

implementation efforts.

90. Lebanon congratulated efforts to combat poverty and human trafficking, and to

promote sustainable economic development.

91. Lesotho welcomed legislation on human trafficking and on the rights of persons

with disabilities, the elderly and persons with HIV/AIDS.

92. Libya welcomed positive steps in human rights, and efforts through the ratification

of most of the international treaties.

93. Madagascar noted the ratification of international human rights treaties and

welcomed laws adopted to combat violence against women, particularly female genital

mutilation, and human trafficking.

94. Malaysia encouraged Djibouti to take further concrete measures to tackle effectively

the high maternal mortality rare caused by limited access to health-care services and the

lack of trained health-care personnel and prenatal care. It urged Djibouti to allocate long-

term and sustainable funding to the health sector.

95. Maldives commended the National Strategic Action Plan for Children and the

Master Plan for Education 2013–2019. It praised the universal health insurance scheme.

96. Mauritania appreciated measures reinforcing human rights and fundamental

freedoms. It applauded provisions adopted to ensure compliance of the National Human

Rights Commission with the Paris Principles and the priority afforded to basic education.

97. Mauritius noted with appreciation the action plans and social policy programmes set

out in Vision Djibouti 2035 and congratulated Djibouti for having established an

institutional framework for the promotion and protection of human rights for the National

Human Rights Commission in line with the Paris Principles.

GE.18-11480 9

98. Mexico acknowledged efforts to align the National Human Rights Commission with

the Paris Principles and provisions within the child protection code to guarantee birth

registration.

99. Montenegro called upon Djibouti to repeal discriminatory provisions against women

in the Family Code.

100. Morocco welcomed the strengthening of the National Human Rights Commission. It

encouraged Djibouti to continue its efforts in combating human trafficking, in particular in

the context of migration.

101. Mozambique appreciated the ratification of the bulk of the international human

rights conventions and the strides made in implementing universal periodic review

recommendations.

102. Namibia commended efforts to bring the National Human Rights Commission into

conformity with the Paris Principles and the adoption of the National Malnutrition

Prevention Strategy.

103. Nepal encouraged Djibouti to continue awareness-raising activities to counter

harmful traditional practices against women, such as female genital mutilation.

104. The Netherlands welcomed the act on violence against women focusing also on

ending female genital mutilation. It regretted the reports of reprisals against a human rights

defender who had participated in the universal periodic review process.

105. The Niger praised the ratification of treaties, the cooperation with treaty bodies and

efforts to make the National Human Rights Commission independent.

106. Nigeria commended Djibouti for strengthening its legal framework aimed at

combating trafficking in persons and the smuggling of migrants, especially women and

children. It also noted efforts to combat torture and the improvement of the living

conditions in prisons.

107. Oman applauded the Vision Djibouti 2035 strategy.

108. Pakistan noted with appreciation the strengthening of the National Human Rights

Commission and the adoption of the five-year National Investment Programme in 2014.

109. The Philippines appreciated the increased budget for the national human rights

institution and the expansion of its mandate. It lauded efforts to achieve universal birth

registration despite resource constraints. It also welcomed the positive steps to address

human trafficking.

110. Portugal welcomed the positive steps taken by Djibouti in the fight against

trafficking in persons and the smuggling of migrants, in particular through the adoption of

Law No. 133/AN/16/7 L of 2016.

111. Rwanda commended Djibouti for the progress in improving the social and economic

status of its citizens, including through implementation of Vision Djibouti 2035 and various

policies and programmes to combat and eliminate poverty.

112. Saudi Arabia applauded the steps taken to improve health-care management and

commended the strengthening of cooperation with bilateral and multilateral partners in the

field of human rights.

113. Senegal welcomed the strengthening of the legal framework of the National Human

Rights Commission to bring it into line with the Paris Principles. It also welcomed the

launch of Vision Djibouti 2035.

114. Serbia welcomed the strengthening of the national human rights institution and

encouraged Djibouti to define a national strategy and take measures that would increase

awareness of domestic violence against women in order to eliminate it.

115. Singapore commended Djibouti for the Social Safety Nets Strategy, the universal

health insurance scheme and efforts to promote the advancement of women in politics and

in the workplace.

10 GE.18-11480

116. Slovenia encouraged Djibouti to ensure the full implementation of the 2015 child

protection code and to continue adopting policies concerning children, in particular on birth

registration, violence against children, sexual abuse of children, juvenile justice and

children in street situations.

117. South Africa commended Djibouti for legislating to strengthen the National Human

Rights Commission and for better capacitating its work. It commended legislation to

combat trafficking in persons and the smuggling of migrants. It complimented steps taken

to introduce a patient-centred health-care approach.

118. Spain recognized the efforts of Djibouti in the institutional strengthening in the field

of human rights, women’s empowerment and implementation of the National Gender

Policy 2011–2021. Spain was concerned about the poor conditions of detention and the

treatment of detainees.

119. The State of Palestine noted the efforts of Djibouti to improve and advance

education, welcomed the adoption of reforms and action plans in that area and commended

efforts to ensure the rights and care of persons with disabilities.

120. The Sudan applauded the establishment of the National Human Rights Commission,

and commended the Vision Djibouti 2035 strategy. It also appreciated the country’s

acceptance of most of the recommendations from the universal periodic review, despite the

difficulties and challenges.

121. Sweden made recommendations.

122. Togo recognized the considerable efforts made by Djibouti to improve its normative

and institutional framework. It also appreciated the ratification by Djibouti of most of the

international and regional human rights conventions.

123. Tunisia applauded the improvement of the legislative and institutional human rights

framework, including for the National Human Rights Commission. It commended the

expansion of existing reforms, including projects against torture and for the protection of

vulnerable groups.

124. On the subject of female genital mutilation, the delegation of Djibouti stated that the

country condemns this practice, which is punishable under the Criminal Code. Moreover,

the Government has adopted a second strategy intended to address any gaps concerning this

issue. Awareness-raising measures have been taken in educational institutions on a national

scale. Monitoring bodies have been set up throughout the country. In 2018, the Government

conducted studies on female genital mutilation and early marriage.

125. With regard to family welfare, the Ministry of Justice and the Ministry for Women

have formulated a plan to bring the Family Code into line with the international

conventions to which the State is a party. Djibouti organized a national debate on family

welfare and conducted consultations with the population on this subject. A national welfare

policy and an operational action plan will be put into effect in 2019.

126. On the subject of children’s rights, Djibouti has developed a national policy for the

protection and development of young children and has formulated a plan for, among others,

the establishment of a development centre.

127. Regarding social issues, Djibouti has provided a social security card and monthly

family subsidies to the indigent population.

128. The delegation of Djibouti emphasized that there were no restrictions on visits by

Special Rapporteurs. Freedom of the press was also guaranteed, but Djibouti remains

vigilant, given the problems of extremism and terrorism.

II. Conclusions and/or recommendations

129. The following recommendations will be examined by Djibouti, which will

provide responses in due time, but no later than the thirty-ninth session of the Human

Rights Council:

GE.18-11480 11

129.1 Ratify the international human rights treaties, particularly the

International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant

Workers and Members of Their Families (Zambia);

129.2 Ratify the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of

All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families (Benin) (Congo) (Niger)

(Philippines);

129.3 Take concrete measures to speed up the process of ratification of the

International Convention on the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members

of Their Families (Uganda);

129.4 Adhere to and ratify the human rights instruments to which it is not a

party yet, in particular the International Convention on the Protection of the

Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families and the

Convention against Discrimination in Education (Honduras);

129.5 Step up efforts towards ratification of the International Convention

on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their

Families (Lesotho);

129.6 Continue considering acceding to the International Convention on

the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant Workers and Members of Their

Families and the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons

from Enforced Disappearance (Mozambique);

129.7 Ratify, without reservation, the International Convention for the

Protection of all Persons from Enforced Disappearance (Belgium);

129.8 Ratify the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons

from Enforced Disappearance (Benin) (Burundi);

129.9 Consider ratifying the International Convention for the Protection of

All Persons from Enforced Disappearance, the Optional Protocol to the

Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading

Treatment or Punishment and the Convention on the Prevention and

Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Burkina Faso);

129.10 Ratify the International Convention for the Protection of All Persons

from Enforced Disappearance as soon as possible (Japan);

129.11 Consider ratifying the Optional Protocol to the International

Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (Côte d’Ivoire);

129.12 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on

Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (Ukraine);

129.13 Consider ratification of the Optional Protocol to the Convention on

the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and the

Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture (Georgia);

129.14 Increase efforts to ratify the main international human rights

instruments, especially the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the

Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and the Optional

Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or

Degrading Treatment or Punishment (Italy);

129.15 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and

Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (Chile)

(Croatia) (Estonia) (Slovenia) (Spain) (Ukraine);

129.16 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and

Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (Kenya);

129.17 Accelerate the process of reforming the Criminal Code and consider

ratifying the Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other

Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (Togo);

12 GE.18-11480

129.18 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the

Child on a communications procedure (Montenegro);

129.19 Consider ratifying the Second Optional Protocol to the International

Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death

penalty, the International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All

Migrant Workers and Members of Their Families and the International

Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance

(Uruguay);

129.20 Ratify the Convention against Discrimination in Education

(Afghanistan) (Madagascar) (Portugal);

129.21 Ratify the 1954 and 1961 conventions on statelessness (Portugal);

129.22 Ratify the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the

Crime of Genocide (Armenia) (Estonia) (Islamic Republic of Iran) (Slovenia);

129.23 Consider ratifying the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment

of the Crime of Genocide (Rwanda);

129.24 Establish a national permanent mechanism to monitor and follow up

on its human rights obligations and the implementation of the 2030 Agenda

(Honduras);

129.25 Make every effort to submit its reports under the conventions it has

ratified (Azerbaijan);

129.26 Adopt an open, merit-based selection process when selecting national

candidates for United Nations treaty body elections (United Kingdom of Great

Britain and Northern Ireland);

129.27 Extend a standing invitation to all special procedures, as a way to

further strengthen its engagement with the international human rights system

(Brazil);

129.28 Intensify cooperation with the special procedures of the Human

Rights Council by accepting requests for visits made by these procedures

(Chile);

129.29 Issue a standing invitation to the United Nations special procedures

(Ukraine);

129.30 Consider the issuance of a standing invitation to all United Nations

special procedure mandate holders (Georgia);

129.31 Extend a standing invitation to the special procedures of the Human

Rights Council (Honduras);

129.32 Issue a standing invitation to United Nations special procedure

mandate holders and welcome them to visit (Kenya);

129.33 Extend a standing invitation to the United Nations special procedure

mandate holders (Lesotho);

129.34 Extend an open invitation to special procedure mandate holders

(Montenegro);

129.35 Enhance cooperation with special rapporteurs on economic, social

and cultural rights (South Africa);

129.36 Pursue cooperation with the United Nations human rights

mechanisms (Morocco);

129.37 Intensify cooperation with bilateral and multilateral partners in the

field of human rights in order to strengthen the legal protection mechanisms

(Togo);

GE.18-11480 13

129.38 Speed up the process to bring its Family Code in line with the

provisions of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination

against Women (Gabon);

129.39 Accelerate the inclusion of ratified international treaties in national

legislation (Oman);

129.40 Include measures aimed at increasing the efficiency and

accountability of the public service delivery system into its national

development strategy (Azerbaijan);

129.41 Improve coordination mechanisms and promote private sector

investment through an appropriate legal and institutional framework

(Bahrain);

129.42 Continue its efforts in promoting and protecting human rights, and to

move forward for fulfilling more achievements (Kuwait);

129.43 Redouble efforts and commitment, as well as seek necessary

international support, to enhance its capacity to promote and protect human

rights (Nigeria);

129.44 Continue to strengthen the National Human Rights Commission to

enhance the promotion and protection of human rights (Zimbabwe);

129.45 Continue efforts to guarantee the independence of the National

Human Rights Commission (France);

129.46 Strengthen its efforts to ensure that its National Human Rights

Commission becomes fully compliant with the Paris Principles by enhancing

financial and human capacities as well as the independence of the Commission

(Indonesia);

129.47 Continue redoubling efforts to ensure that the National Human

Rights Commission fully complies with the Paris Principles (Uruguay);

129.48 Take further measures aimed at ensuring that the National Human

Rights Commission is fully compliant with the Paris Principles and provide it

with enough resources in order to effectively execute its mandate (Namibia);

129.49 Strengthen the national human rights institution and related

mechanisms (Nepal);

129.50 Continue its efforts to improve its national human rights institution

and ensure that it is compliant with the Paris Principles (Philippines);

129.51 Improve training programmes for security forces to put an end to

acts of violent repression of peaceful demonstrations (Germany);

129.52 Continue to train law enforcement officials (Libya);

129.53 Continue its efforts to uphold human rights education through

training, capacity-building and awareness-raising (Mauritius);

129.54 Continue efforts for awareness-raising, training and education on

human rights (Morocco);

129.55 Adopt additional awareness programmes on human rights (Oman);

129.56 Continue to work with its partners to ensure that adequate budget

and human resources are allocated to its anti-trafficking programme

(Philippines);

129.57 Continue efforts seeking to achieve social equality and guarantee

access for all to all basic services (Yemen);

129.58 Strengthen access of all citizens without discrimination to basic social

services (Angola);

14 GE.18-11480

129.59 Carry out community sensitization to improve the appreciation and

protection of rights of vulnerable groups (Uganda);

129.60 Continue efforts to protect the rights of vulnerable groups,

considering their specific needs and capacities, through the empowerment of

their rights, and fair mechanisms of reparation (Ecuador);

129.61 Review its legal and policy framework in order to effectively

implement a comprehensive strategy to combat discrimination on any grounds,

with special attention to women and girls (Honduras);

129.62 Continue to assist and raise awareness about human rights among all

genders (Lao People’s Democratic Republic);

129.63 Continue its efforts in widening the scope of provision of health and

education services through mechanisms and specialized programmes

(Lebanon);

129.64 Consider expanding the coverage of the National Social Protection

Strategy to other vulnerable groups with little means of support, in particular

older persons, disadvantaged women and children (Singapore);

129.65 Continue to set up strategies and national plans to guarantee basic

services for all, including persons with disabilities, and to involve them in

development plans (State of Palestine);

129.66 Ensure universal access to basic services (Sudan);

129.67 Reduce social and geographical inequalities (Sudan);

129.68 Continue to promote economic and social sustainable development,

eradicate poverty and lay a solid foundation for the enjoyment of all human

rights by its people (China);

129.69 Implement Vision Djibouti 2035 and the Accelerated Growth

Strategy for the Promotion of Employment (SCAPE) 2015–2019 (Cuba);

129.70 Adopt further measures to obtain renewable energy sources, in

particular geothermal energy, to ensure its energy independence and lower the

energy price for the population (Guinea);

129.71 Continue efforts to implement the national strategy Vision Djibouti

2035 (Tunisia);

129.72 Prevent all forms of violations of human rights which might be

committed under the pretext of counter-terrorism measures (Islamic Republic

of Iran);

129.73 Endeavour to prevent excessive use of force, arbitrary arrests,

torture and ill-treatment of civilians by security forces, especially during

demonstrations and elections (Botswana);

129.74 Establish a legislative mechanism aimed at prohibiting and

sanctioning the excessive and blind use of force by members of the security

forces (Madagascar);

129.75 Expedite legislative amendments to eradicate torture and other cruel,

inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment (South Africa);

129.76 Take the necessary measures to improve detention conditions (Côte

d’Ivoire);

129.77 Improve detention conditions (France);

129.78 Intensify efforts aimed at improving detention conditions in prisons

(Georgia);

129.79 Improve conditions in prisons (Kenya);

GE.18-11480 15

129.80 Continue to promote regional and international cooperation in the

fight against trafficking in persons at the national and international levels,

whether or not linked to organized crime (Cuba);

129.81 Continue fighting against trafficking in persons and smuggling of

migrants (Ethiopia);

129.82 Continue efforts aimed at fighting trafficking in persons (France);

129.83 Continue efforts to fight against trafficking in persons and smuggling

of migrants (Gabon);

129.84 Fully implement the March 2016 trafficking legislation so that all

perpetrators of human trafficking are brought to justice and victims

adequately compensated (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern

Ireland);

129.85 Strengthen efforts towards reducing trafficking in persons (Iraq);

129.86 Further strengthen measures to combat human trafficking, including

by adopting a comprehensive strategy to address this phenomenon, with a

specific focus on women, children and migrants (Italy);

129.87 Increase efforts to criminally prosecute traffickers and provide

adequate care to trafficking victims (United States of America);

129.88 Scale up its efforts at combating trafficking in persons and smuggling

of migrants, and ensure the protection of the rights of migrants (Nigeria);

129.89 Fight more effectively against trafficking in persons and the illicit

trafficking of migrants (Senegal);

129.90 Undertake additional measures to fight human trafficking (Serbia);

129.91 Continue the efforts made to combat trafficking in human beings

(Tunisia);

129.92 Release detainees who were arrested for their support for opposition

political parties (United States of America);

129.93 Ensure that the right to freedom of religion or belief is guaranteed

and protected within Djibouti, and that Christians and other religious

minorities are treated equally as regards their human rights and fundamental

freedoms by both society and the State (Ghana);

129.94 Refrain from aggravating anti-government sentiments through

restriction of political and social freedoms, in order to prevent radicalization

from being entrenched and religious minorities targeted as culprits (Ghana);

129.95 Implement the six recommendations Djibouti had accepted during

the second universal periodic review cycle related to freedom of expression and

access to information as well as the three recommendations on the right to

freedom of assembly (Zambia);

129.96 Take necessary measures to guarantee that all people can peacefully

exercise their right to freedom of expression in accordance with international

standards, in particular human rights defenders (Argentina);

129.97 Take necessary measures to guarantee, in its legislation and in

practice, the right to freedom of expression, association and peaceful assembly,

in particular by ensuring that cases of threats, harassment or intimidation and

violence against members of civil society organizations, human rights defenders

and journalists are investigated and their perpetrators are prosecuted

(Belgium);

129.98 Amend its laws to guarantee the right to freedom of expression and

peaceful association of all, including the opposition, journalists and human

16 GE.18-11480

rights defenders, and to provide them with the necessary tools to share their

ideas, without any form of intimidation (Canada);

129.99 Create the legislative framework that guarantees the freedoms of

expression, association and peaceful assembly and ensures that these rights can

be exercised freely (Croatia);

129.100 Decriminalize defamation and include it in the Civil Code in

accordance with international standards (Estonia);

129.101 Guarantee the freedoms of expression, association and peaceful

assembly and ensure that these rights can be exercised freely (Estonia);

129.102 Contribute to strengthening of civil society by ensuring respect for

freedom of communication and expression, abrogating the law on the state of

emergency and setting up the Joint Electoral Commission (France);

129.103 Guarantee in law and in practice the rights to freedom of expression,

peaceful association and assembly (Ukraine);

129.104 Take urgent steps to facilitate the work of human rights defenders,

civil society and the media, including through guaranteeing the freedom of

expression, peaceful association and assembly and through protecting all

persons from reprisals (Ireland);

129.105 Approve non-governmental requests to establish new media outlets

(United States of America);

129.106 Safeguard the freedom of the press by ceasing the strict application of

restrictions contained in articles 4, 14, 15, 17 and 47 of the Freedom of

Communication Act and article 425 of the Criminal Code and by creating an

enabling environment for the creation of privately owned media outlets

(Netherlands);

129.107 Draw up a law on the freedom of information to ensure pluralism in

the media in line with recommendations of the United Nations Educational,

Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) (Senegal);

129.108 Bring its laws into full conformity with the International Covenant on

Civil and Political Rights, in particular article 19, and to fully guarantee the

rights to freedom of expression and information (Sweden);

129.109 Revise Decree No. 2015-3016 PR/PM in order to end the exceptional

security measures restricting the right to freedom of association in the country

(Sweden);

129.110 Continue its efforts to strengthen the independence of the judiciary

(Lebanon);

129.111 Continue efforts to combat corruption and related impunity in the

public service (Bahrain);

129.112 Establish an independent mechanism to investigate alleged

misconduct by law enforcement officials (Ukraine);

129.113 Allow civil society, media and opposition parties to participate more

freely in political processes (Australia);

129.114 Adopt measures to increase voters’ registration, and to fully

implement Act No. 127/16 on financing of political parties, as a means to

promote political rights (Brazil);

129.115 Ensure a fully inclusive political process, whereby all citizens are free

to participate in public life and exercise their political rights without any

intimidation or harassment (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern

Ireland);

GE.18-11480 17

129.116 Guarantee the right to participate in political and public affairs,

including by removing the strict criteria members of political parties have to

comply with as contained in article 4 of the Law on Political Parties

(Netherlands);

129.117 Revise article 4 of Law No. 1/AN/92/2e L, in order to lower

requirements for the formation of political parties (Sweden);

129.118 Continue to implement measures in favour of access to drinking

water, to housing and those fighting against food insecurity (Gabon);

129.119 Develop policies aimed at preventing the marginalization of

inhabitants in rural areas, minority ethnic groups, nomadic populations,

particularly women and girls, and ensure their access to water, education and

health care (Mexico);

129.120 Improve the living conditions of the people in rural areas (Iraq);

129.121 Adopt a general plan on water that guarantees the availability,

accessibility and quality of water in accordance with the content of the human

right to drinking water (Spain);

129.122 Enhance efforts towards addressing food insecurity, including secure

and adequate water supply systems (Guyana);

129.123 Further promote the construction of social housing and facilitate

access to adequate housing in rural areas (Portugal);

129.124 Ensure swift implementation of the road map for building social

housing units and apartments (South Africa);

129.125 Provide additional reforms to the social security system (Iraq);

129.126 Step up efforts to reduce high unemployment and poverty through

creating an enabling environment for investment (Botswana);

129.127 Further continue intensifying the implementation of the designed

economic plans of the Government by taking appropriate measures of poverty

reduction (Ethiopia);

129.128 Take further measures towards poverty alleviation, including by

promoting private sector investment (Indonesia);

129.129 Further strengthen efforts to reduce unemployment, particularly

through vocational training for young people and women and their integration

into the labour market (Viet Nam);

129.130 Allow free and independent trade unions in order to protect and

promote workers’ rights (Germany);

129.131 Pursue the promotion of the health sector and ensure health services

for all (Egypt);

129.132 Redouble efforts to guarantee basic health services for disadvantaged

and marginalized groups, and ensure that medicines are affordable (Equatorial

Guinea);

129.133 Take the necessary measures to extend access to universal health

insurance to all segments of society to meet their primary health-care needs

(Guinea);

129.134 Pay special attention to the improvement of the access of people in

rural areas, particularly girls and women, to the health-care system (Islamic

Republic of Iran);

129.135 Continue to consolidate the Universal Sickness Insurance, for the

benefit of families without income and their children (Bolivarian Republic of

Venezuela);

18 GE.18-11480

129.136 Improve health-care infrastructure, by access to emergency obstetric

care, increase the number of trained health professionals and resources devoted

to maternal health with particular focus on women from poor and rural

backgrounds (Kenya);

129.137 Encourage the implementation of a national health plan for mothers,

newborns and children, and the promotion of access to maternal, sexual and

reproductive health services (Portugal);

129.138 Incorporate an explicit recognition of the right to education and to

non-discrimination in education into its Constitution (Afghanistan);

129.139 Take adequate measures to guarantee equal access of girls and boys

to quality education (Algeria);

129.140 Increase its efforts to ensure the right to education all over the

country (Azerbaijan);

129.141 Continue to take positive measures to protect the rights of women

and children and to promote the development of education (China);

129.142 Take steps to increase the school enrolment rate, in particular for

basic and secondary education, paying specific attention to enrolment of girls

(Estonia);

129.143 Redouble its efforts to ensure universal access, without

discrimination, to inclusive, equitable and quality education, in line with the

2030 Agenda (Honduras);

129.144 Launch awareness-raising campaigns and ensure that the 2017–2019

sectoral plan guarantees equal access to a quality education for girls and boys

(Iceland);

129.145 Further develop the education system and ensure equal access to a

quality education for girls and boys (Indonesia);

129.146 Ensure access for children to education and health care and steadily

reintegrate children into society and the school system (Japan);

129.147 Continue efforts to enhance inclusive and quality education for all

children (Maldives);

129.148 Continue enhancing the methodology of managing the education

system through identifying its requirements and through adopting a results-

based approach (Saudi Arabia);

129.149 Continue to make efforts to support education and improve its

quality and to ensure gender equality in the different levels of education (State

of Palestine);

129.150 Continue the necessary measures seeking to increase the overall level

of school attendance, with particular attention paid to girls (Viet Nam);

129.151 Continue to implement policies towards the promotion of gender

parity in line with the National Gender Policy for the period 2012–2015

(Angola);

129.152 Maintain efforts to implement the National Gender Policy, with a

view to reducing violence against women, and establish a gender observatory,

social assistance centres and community nurseries (Ecuador);

129.153 Continue to implement policies to promote women’s participation in

society as prescribed in Djibouti’s National Gender Policy 2011–2021 and in the

relevant law (Japan);

129.154 Continue to strengthen the National Gender Policy 2011–2021

(Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela);

GE.18-11480 19

129.155 Harmonize gender equality for guaranteeing their equal rights

(Turkmenistan);

129.156 Repeal the provisions in the Family Code that discriminate against

women and strengthen the capacity of traditional and religious leaders to speak

out against all forms of gender-based discrimination (Iceland);

129.157 Continue efforts to reform the family law with a view to bringing it

into line with the law on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against

women (Libya);

129.158 Continue efforts to remove barriers to the equal participation of

women in the labour force (Maldives);

129.159 Implement measures and legislative reforms to eradicate gender-

based discrimination as part of the reform process in order to harmonize

domestic norms with the provisions of the Convention on the Elimination of All

Forms of Discrimination against Women (Uruguay);

129.160 Pursue efforts to fight discrimination against women (Senegal);

129.161 Consult as widely as possible all relevant stakeholders, in particular

disadvantaged women and those living in the rural areas, to ensure that their

views are taken into account in the overhaul of Djibouti’s Family Code to

comply with the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination

against Women (Singapore);

129.162 Expedite consultations to bring the Family Code into line with the

Convention on the Elimination of all Forms of Discrimination against Women

(South Africa);

129.163 Continue efforts to combat discrimination against women and

achieve gender equality (Tunisia);

129.164 Take necessary and effective measures to investigate female genital

mutilation and other harmful traditional practices against women and sanction

perpetrators of this type of practice, and strengthen awareness-raising policies

against these practices (Argentina);

129.165 Continue to undertake measures to strengthen the fight against

harmful practices and violence against women (Armenia);

129.166 Ensure that people who continue to practice female genital mutilation

are held accountable and prosecuted as a means to deter perpetrators

(Australia);

129.167 Strengthen the implementation of the five-year strategy of 2017

aimed at ending female genital mutilation (Belgium);

129.168 Rigorously implement the joint action plan of the Ministry of Health

and the Ministry for Women and the Family of the new national strategy on

female genital mutilation 2017–2021 (Burkina Faso);

129.169 Intensify its strategy in rural areas to eliminate harmful practices

against women and girls, in particular early and forced marriage, female

genital mutilation and unequal access to inheritance (Canada);

129.170 Establish a military code of conduct to prohibit all acts of violence,

including sexual violence, including against Afar women and girls (Canada);

129.171 Implement awareness campaigns directed at all sectors of the

population, in both urban and rural areas, to eradicate harmful practices

against women and girls, such as female genital mutilation and forced or child

marriage (Chile);

129.172 Eradicate the practice of female genital mutilation (Congo);

20 GE.18-11480

129.173 Further combat violence against women by encouraging prosecutions

(France);

129.174 Continue and increase implementation efforts that promote

awareness-raising actions to change traditional and cultural attitudes and

behaviours that would result in the elimination of the problem of female genital

mutilation (Guyana);

129.175 Take further steps to improve implementation of its laws on female

genital mutilation and ensure prosecution through the appropriate judicial

channels (Iceland);

129.176 Continue its efforts to achieve the complete eradication of female

genital mutilation, including by raising awareness about the risks associated

with this practice and by application of the criminal law (Ireland);

129.177 Further reinforce the laws banning female genital mutilation and

take other measures to combat these practices, including through awareness-

raising campaigns (Italy);

129.178 Eradicate female mutilation through the enforcement of criminal law

and organize awareness-raising campaigns to change traditional attitudes

which hamper the enjoyment of women’s human rights, such as child marriage

and polygamy, as well as to promote equality before the law and access to

education (Mexico);

129.179 Speed up the process to completely eradicate female genital

mutilation and other harmful practices against women (Uruguay);

129.180 Fully implement the Code of Legal Protection of Minors and take

measures towards eradicating harmful practices such as child marriage and

corporal punishment of children in all settings (Namibia);

129.181 Fully implement the act on violence against women and intensify

awareness-raising campaigns on the negative effects of harmful traditional

practices negatively affecting women’s rights, including female genital

mutilation (Namibia);

129.182 Continue measures to combat violence and discrimination against

women and promote gender equality (Nepal);

129.183 Strengthen implementation of legislation and policies aimed at ending

harmful traditional practices, in particular child, early and forced marriages

and female genital mutilation, and eliminate any loopholes in national

legislation that might undermine the protection of women’s rights (Rwanda);

129.184 Step up efforts to eradicate female genital mutilation and the

organization of awareness campaigns, end practices such as forced marriage

and child marriage and reinforce the legal framework for the protection of

women against violence (Spain);

129.185 Further step up its efforts in combatting the harmful practice of

female genital mutilation, including by improving monitoring mechanisms in

collaboration with both State and non-State actors (Sweden);

129.186 Accelerate the implementation of the five-year strategy on the

elimination of female genital mutilation and pay special attention to all forms of

gender discrimination (Togo);

129.187 Accelerate the process to introduce legislative and policy reforms

aimed at empowering women in terms of their participation in public life and

advancement in the workplace (Zimbabwe);

129.188 Redouble its efforts to enhance women’s representation in leadership

and decision-making positions (Pakistan);

GE.18-11480 21

129.189 Continue to improve the political participation of women, with laws

such as the one that reserves for them 25 per cent of the seats of deputies in

parliament (Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela);

129.190 Put to an end corporal punishment of children in all settings and

encourage non-violent forms of discipline (Zambia);

129.191 Enhance and develop legislation concerning the protection of

children, particularly abolishing corporal punishment against them (Lebanon);

129.192 Ensure the birth registration of all children of migrants regardless of

the immigration status of their parents (Philippines);

129.193 Ensure access to social services and protection for unaccompanied

migrant children, particularly by integrating them into existing regimes

(Portugal);

129.194 Separate juvenile offenders from adults in prisons and detention

centres (Zambia);

129.195 Promote policies to ensure housing, access to education and health

care for children living in the streets as well as their reintegration into society

(Mexico);

129.196 Strengthen the protection of the rights of persons with disabilities, in

particular through the adoption of a legislation and a plan of action to enable

better economic and social integration (Algeria);

129.197 Elaborate a national plan to achieve the social and economic

integration of persons with disabilities (Egypt);

129.198 Continue to implement the bill on the promotion and protection of

the rights of persons with disabilities (Lao People’s Democratic Republic);

129.199 Continue its efforts to ensure access to information for persons with

disabilities and their inclusion at all levels (Pakistan);

129.200 Continue to work with international partners to improve access to

basic services in refugee camps (Australia);

129.201 Improve the protection of refugee women and girls by increasing the

number of law enforcement officers in refugee camps (Canada);

129.202 Adopt and implement legislation guaranteeing the protection of

human rights defenders and conduct impartial and effective investigations into

all cases of alleged attacks and harassment (Germany);

129.203 Release all human rights defenders, including journalists and

bloggers, detained for exercising their rights to freedom of expression and

peaceful assembly (Germany).

130. All conclusions and/or recommendations contained in the present report reflect

the position of the submitting State(s) and/or the State under review. They should not

be construed as endorsed by the Working Group as a whole.

22 GE.18-11480

Annex

Composition of the delegation

The delegation of Djibouti was headed by H.E. Mr. Moumin Ahmed Cheick, Minister of

Justice and Penitentiary Affairs, in charge of Human Rights, and composed of the following

members:

• S.E. Mme Moumina Houmed Hassan, Ministre de la Femme et de la Famille;

• M. Maki Omar Abdoulkader, Secrétaire Général du Ministère de la Justice;

• S.E. Mme Kadra Ahmed Hassan, Ambassadeur Représentante Permanente auprès de

l’Office des Nations Unies à Genève;

• Mme Souad Houssein Farah, Conseillère juridique du Président de la République;

• M. Ahmed Osman Achi, Directeur de la legislation et des réformes du Ministère de

la Justice;

• M. Ali Mohamed Abdou, Conseiller technique du Ministère de la Justice;

• Mme Choukri Houssein Djibah, Directrice de l’Observatoire du genre;

• M. Osman Djama Ousman, Conseiller technique du Ministère de la Femme et de la

Famille;

• M. Houmed Gaba Maki Houmed Gaba, Conseiller à la Mission Permanente.