40/7 Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review - Nigeria

GE.18-22688(E)



Human Rights Council Fortieth session

25 February–22 March 2019

Agenda item 6

Universal periodic review

Report of the Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review*

Nigeria

* The annex is being circulated without formal editing, in the language of submission only.

United Nations A/HRC/40/7

Introduction

1. The Working Group on the Universal Periodic Review, established in accordance

with Human Rights Council resolution 5/1, held its thirty-first session from 5 to 16

November 2018. The review of Nigeria was held at the 4th meeting, on 6 November 2018.

The delegation of Nigeria was headed by the Ambassador Extraordinary and

Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative of Nigeria to the United Nations Office and

other international organizations in Geneva, Audu Ayinla Kadiri. At its 10th meeting, held

on 9 November 2018, the Working Group adopted the report on Nigeria.

2. On 10 January 2018, the Human Rights Council selected the following group of

rapporteurs (troika) to facilitate the review of Nigeria: Australia, Brazil and Egypt.

3. In accordance with paragraph 15 of the annex to Human Rights Council resolution

5/1 and paragraph 5 of the annex to Council resolution 16/21, the following documents

were issued for the review of Nigeria:

(a) A national report submitted/written presentation made in accordance with

paragraph 15 (a) (A/HRC/WG.6/31/NGA/1);

(b) A compilation prepared by the Office of the United Nations High

Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR) in accordance with paragraph 15 (b)

(A/HRC/WG.6/31/NGA/2);

(c) A summary prepared by OHCHR in accordance with paragraph 15 (c)

(A/HRC/WG.6/31/NGA/3).

4. A list of questions prepared in advance by Belgium, Brazil, Germany, Portugal, on

behalf of the Group of Friends on national implementation, reporting and follow-up,

Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern

Ireland, the United States of America and Uruguay was transmitted to Nigeria through the

troika. These questions are available on the website of the universal periodic review.

I. Summary of the proceedings of the review process

A. Presentation by the State under review

5. The delegation stated that the national report had been prepared, through an

inclusive process, by the National Committee on the Universal Periodic Review, which

comprised government officials and representatives of civil society.

6. Nigeria had largely fulfilled its commitments to the Human Rights Council through

its active participation in the work and activities of the Council, support for the National

Human Rights Commission, commitment to human rights instruments and support for all

strategies at the regional and international levels to promote and protect human rights.

7. Since the previous review, civil-military cooperation in the fight against terrorism,

insurgency and other internal security operations had been strengthened through several

measures. They included the incorporation of modules on international human rights and

international humanitarian law in the training curriculum for the military and the

development of the National Policy Framework and Action Plan on Preventing and

Countering Violent Extremism.

8. In 2014, the Cyber-security Strategy had been developed to prepare Nigeria for

global economic competitiveness in cyberspace. A key component of the strategy was data

protection and privacy.

9. A national action plan on business and human rights was in the process of being

finalized, in response to the call by the United Nations to address the negative impact of

business on human rights.

10. The federal Government had established a national technical committee to look into

the establishment and management of a database of missing persons.

11. Since the previous review, a number of initiatives had been taken to improve the

effectiveness, accessibility, accountability, transparency and fairness of the justice system.

They included the development of the justice sector reform action plans, a national legal aid

strategy, a national policy on prosecution and a code of conduct and prosecutorial

guidelines for federal prosecutors, the establishment of judicial research and a simplified

court users’ guide.

12. The Economic Recovery and Growth Plan 2017–2020 addressed the three

dimensions contained in the Sustainable Development Goals of economic, social and

environmental sustainability. The vision contained in the Plan was to achieve sustained

inclusive growth through increased national productivity and sustainable diversification.

The Plan would lead to improved accessibility, affordability and quality of health care, with

the roll-out of the National Health Insurance Scheme across the country.

13. Significant efforts had been made to implement the supported recommendations

from the previous review, as detailed in the national report. The report also presented the

developments, achievements and challenges faced by Nigeria in the implementation of its

voluntary commitments to the Human Rights Council.

14. In response to the advance questions, the delegation stated that section 34 (1) of the

Constitution prohibited torture. During the period under review, Nigeria had enacted the

Anti-Torture Act 2017, which prohibited torture and other cruel, inhuman or degrading

treatment or punishment by law enforcement agents and provided for punishment for

perpetrators of such acts. Military and law enforcement personnel were being retrained to

use modern and scientific means of interrogation.

15. The Presidential Committee that had been constituted to investigate allegations of

violations of human rights by the military during internal security operations had submitted

its report to the Government. Steps were being taken to address the recommendations in the

report. Furthermore, in 2018 a special investigation panel had been established to

investigate allegations of human rights violations by the Special Anti-Robbery Squad and

other special units of the Nigeria Police Force.

16. Several child development and child protection measures had been introduced,

including the Child Rights Act at the national level, which most states had adopted as their

state laws. The President had launched a programme of action to end violence against

children by 2030. The National Health Act, which applied at both federal and state levels,

addressed sexual exploitation and abuse of children.

17. The Violence against Persons (Prohibition) Act, which aimed to eliminate violence

in private and public life, had expanded the scope of rape to protect males. Since the

previous review, the position of Nigeria on sexual orientation had not changed.

18. Personnel found culpable of human rights violations following reports of the special

investigation panels were undergoing administrative disciplinary processes, with some

personnel facing prosecution. All trials of suspects linked to Jama’atu Ahlis Sunna

Lidda’Awati Wal-Jihad (Boko Haram) were held in public and suspects were allowed to be

represented by counsels of their choice. The Legal Aid Council of Nigeria provided free

legal representation for indigent suspects.

19. With regard to the killing in 2015 of members of the Islamic Movement in Nigeria,

the Kaduna State Government had undertaken investigations with the military and a

government white paper has been issued. The alleged perpetrators would be tried through

the robust military justice system.

20. Nigeria continued to retain the death penalty. However, efforts were ongoing

between the federal Government and the state governments to formalize a moratorium on

the death penalty.

21. In order to ensure free, fair, credible and peaceful elections in 2019, efforts to

strengthen electoral processes were ongoing. The Government was engaging with all

critical stakeholders to strengthen the capacities of relevant actors, sensitize the citizenry

and promote violence-free elections. The Independent National Electoral Commission and

the National Human Rights Commission were engaging stakeholders on the need to

conduct themselves in a peaceful manner before, during and after the elections.

22. The Constitution guaranteed fundamental human rights, including the right to a

speedy trial. The Administration of Criminal Justice Act 2015 was effective in ensuring a

speedy trial in criminal cases, eradicating prolonged detention of suspects. The Act had

entered into force in many states of the Federation.

23. The federal Government had put in place a national working group on human rights

treaty reporting, which assisted with reporting to several United Nations treaty monitoring

bodies and with monitoring implementation of accepted recommendations.

24. The Constitution prohibited any religion as a State religion. In addition, Nigeria was

a signatory to United Nations and African Union human rights instruments that guaranteed

freedom of religion and belief.

25. The delegation stated that although challenges remained, Nigeria was determined to

meet those challenges to further improve the promotion and protection of human rights.

B. Interactive dialogue and responses by the State under review

26. During the interactive dialogue, 118 delegations made statements.

Recommendations made during the dialogue are to be found in section II of the present

report.

27. The Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela praised Nigeria for its efforts to ensure free

secondary level education and for the National Strategic Health Development Plan.

28. Yemen commended Nigeria for its plans to combat extremism and corruption, for

promoting human rights and for enabling young people to vote.

29. Zimbabwe noted the increase in the budget of the National Human Rights

Commission, the adoption of the Economic Recovery and Growth Plan 2017–2020 and the

extension of a standing invitation to the special procedures of the Human Rights Council.

30. Afghanistan noted the civil-military cooperation in the fight against terrorism and

insurgency and in the strengthening of internal security.

31. Algeria welcomed the component on respect for human rights in the fight against

violence and terrorism.

32. Angola noted the improvement in the living conditions of the population affected by

internal security challenges.

33. Argentina congratulated Nigeria on signing the Safe Schools Declaration.

34. Australia welcomed the establishment of the Presidential Investigative Panel and the

army-led Special Board of Inquiry.

35. Austria noted that the de facto moratorium on the death penalty had been

contravened. It also noted that a large number of human trafficking victims were from

Nigeria.

36. Azerbaijan welcomed the establishment of the National Agency for the Prohibition

of Trafficking in Persons and the Economic Recovery and Growth Plan 2017–2020.

37. Bahrain commended Nigeria for establishing an interministerial working group to

build a database of disappeared persons.

38. Bangladesh welcomed the National Action Plan on Preventing and Countering

Violent Extremism, criminal justice reforms and youth participation in the political process.

39. Belarus noted the legislation on prohibiting trafficking in persons and combating

torture, and efforts to fight corruption, develop the health and education sectors and reform

the judiciary.

40. Belgium noted that efforts were being made to implement the recommendations

from the previous review, which included extending a standing invitation to the special

procedures.

41. Benin noted the reforms to protect women and children, especially young girls,

against violence and human trafficking.

42. Bhutan encouraged Nigeria to continue with efforts to strengthen the protection of

human rights.

43. The Plurinational State of Bolivia noted the efforts to promote and protect human

rights, and the reforms to improve the effectiveness, accessibility, accountability and

transparency of the judiciary.

44. Botswana took note of United Nations reports that cited concerns and called for

Nigeria to strengthen protection of women’s rights.

45. Brazil commended Nigeria for its engagement with the international human rights

mechanisms.

46. Bulgaria encouraged Nigeria to take further measures to implement the new

legislation and policies, and to increase the effectiveness of the National Human Rights

Commission.

47. Burundi commended Nigeria for its efforts to improve security in the country

through the fight against violent extremism and the Boko Haram terrorist group.

48. Cabo Verde commended Nigeria for its social and economic reforms aimed at

improving the social and economic standards of its people.

49. Cameroon noted the efforts of Nigeria in West Africa through its critical role in

operations of the Economic Community of West African States, and its commitment to

combating terrorism and ensuring stability in the region.

50. Canada looked forward to the full implementation of the national strategy to end

child marriage. It encouraged Nigeria to continue strengthening its democracy by ensuring

the participation of all in free and fair general elections in 2019.

51. The Central African Republic commended Nigeria for the important legislative and

regulatory achievements since its last review of the country.

52. Chad welcomed the progress made by Nigeria in implementing the

recommendations accepted at the previous review.

53. Chile praised the cooperation of Nigeria with the International Criminal Court, but

expressed concerns about the persistence of discrimination and violence in the country.

54. China welcomed the adoption of the 2017–2020 Economic Recovery and Growth

Plan, the human rights training for military and law enforcement personnel, and the

continuous implementation of judicial reforms.

55. The Comoros noted the progress made in a number of human rights areas, including

the adoption of laws against torture and trafficking in persons.

56. The Congo commended Nigeria for its willingness to cooperate with the human

rights mechanisms, including through a standing invitation to the special procedure

mandate holders.

57. Côte d’Ivoire welcomed the implementation of a programme to combat violent

extremism and the Economic Recovery and Growth Plan 2017–2020.

58. Cuba welcomed the actions taken by Nigeria to improve its legal framework and the

quality of and access to health services and education.

59. Cyprus commended Nigeria for its efforts to combat terrorism and to uphold human

rights, setting an example for the whole continent.

60. Czechia welcomed the adoption of the Anti-Torture Act, the preparation of the new

Electoral Act and the political participation of internally displaced persons.

61. In response to comments and questions, the delegation of Nigeria stated that, in

cases of alleged human rights violations by the security forces, investigative panels had

been established. Once the reports of those panels had been published, the

recommendations they contained would be implemented. The Government was committed

to respecting the moratorium on the death penalty that had been put in place. An inclusive

economic policy was being vigorously implemented. Nigeria had recently been reviewed

by the Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women and had made

significant progress in ensuring equality for women and girls. The Constitution and laws

did not permit discrimination. Nigeria was committed to democracy and intended to hold

free and fair elections, free of violence. The majority of Nigerians objected to same-sex

relationships because of their deep religious, cultural and moral orientation. However, there

was no policy or practice of witch-hunting people based on their sexual orientation.

Education was compulsory and parents would be committing a crime if they did not send

their children to school. Nigeria was committed to ending traditional practices that were

harmful to girls. The finances and budget of the National Human Rights Commission had

been improved and its independence enhanced. Efforts had been made to empower women

economically through the granting of loans for entrepreneurial purposes. The Constitution

guaranteed the independence of the judiciary, which was also effective and impartial.

62. The Democratic People’s Republic of Korea welcomed the efforts of Nigeria and the

significant progress it had made since 2013 in the promotion of human rights.

63. The Democratic Republic of the Congo commended the excellent work done by

Nigeria to promote and protect human rights, especially for vulnerable groups.

64. Denmark commended the adoption of the 2015 Violence against Persons

(Prohibition) Act and the fact that no death sentence has been carried out since 2016.

65. Djibouti welcomed the reform of the administration of justice, the law on the

prohibition of discrimination based on HIV and the law prohibiting torture.

66. Egypt commended Nigeria for the content of its national report and its efforts to

uphold and respect human rights through fighting terrorism.

67. Estonia welcomed the legislative steps taken by Nigeria to combat violence against

children and women, and its standing invitation to the special procedures.

68. Ethiopia commended the progress made by Nigeria since the previous review in

terms of implementing recommendations and developing the Economic Recovery and

Growth Plan.

69. Fiji commended Nigeria for the development of its Economic Recovery and Growth

Plan and for ratifying the Paris Agreement.

70. Finland stated that implementing its recommendations would have a positive impact

on the lives of people in vulnerable situations and enable socioeconomic development.

71. France commended the creation of a commission to investigate allegations of human

rights violations by the armed forces and the strengthening of the fight against corruption.

72. Gabon welcomed the adoption of legislation prohibiting all forms of violence, the

revision of the human trafficking legislation and efforts favouring the most vulnerable.

73. Georgia welcomed the enactment of the Violence against Persons (Prohibition) Act

2015 and the Anti-Torture Act 2017. It encouraged Nigeria to finalize the National Action

Plan for the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights 2017–2022.

74. Germany commended Nigeria for its efforts to investigate abuses allegedly

committed by security forces and welcomed the trials of Boko Haram suspects.

75. Ghana welcomed the establishment of a national anti-human trafficking agency and

the human rights-based initiatives to combat terrorism and insurgency.

76. Greece noted the enactment of the Anti-Torture Act, the passage of the Violence

against Persons (Prohibition) Bill at the federal level and the commitment of Nigeria to the

International Criminal Court.

77. Guyana commended Nigeria for establishing an interministerial national committee

on the universal periodic review.

78. The Holy See made recommendations.

79. Honduras recognized the commitment of Nigeria to cooperating with the universal

periodic review and other United Nations human rights mechanisms.

80. Hungary commended the systematic review of national laws and regulations in order

to implement the recommendations from the previous review.

81. Iceland appreciated the difficulties Nigeria was facing on account of Boko Haram. It

reminded Nigeria of its obligations under international law.

82. India appreciated the socioeconomic reform in Nigeria and welcomed measures

aimed at improving conditions for women.

83. Indonesia commended the increase in the budget of the National Human Rights

Commission and the finalization of the national action plan on business and human rights.

84. The Islamic Republic of Iran commended the progress made in the promotion and

protection of women’s and children’s rights.

85. Iraq made recommendations.

86. Ireland welcomed the Violence against Persons (Prohibition) Act. It was concerned

by legislation restricting freedom of association and assembly.

87. Italy commended progress made to combat violence against women and human

trafficking.

88. Japan appreciated initiatives to eradicate violence against children and encouraged

the early adoption of the Gender and Equality Opportunities Bill.

89. Jordan commended Nigeria for its work on implementing the accepted

recommendations from the second universal periodic review.

90. Kenya commended Nigeria for its significant developments and achievements

resulting from its voluntary commitments to human rights.

91. Kuwait noted that Nigeria was keen to enhance equality between women and men,

fight corruption and reform justice.

92. Lebanon noted the adoption of a national plan to fight violent extremism and

terrorism and judicial system reforms.

93. Lesotho applauded Nigeria for its cooperation with the United Nations human rights

mechanisms.

94. Libya commended Nigeria for measures taken to fight discrimination and violence

against women, and efforts to ensure accountability of law enforcement.

95. Liechtenstein welcomed efforts to provide legal aid services to women and girls. It

was concerned about the continued existence of the death penalty.

96. Madagascar welcomed the adoption of the Violence against Persons (Prohibition)

Act in 2015.

97. In response to comments and questions, the delegation of Nigeria outlined the

measures in place to combat corruption, which included the establishment of a national

anti-corruption strategy, the introduction of the Proceeds of Crime Bill, 2017, which was

before the National Assembly, and a whistle-blower policy. A programme had been

introduced to enable children who had been sent away from school by Boko Haram to

return to school and to ensure their protection in school, particularly in the north-east of the

country. Child marriage was a criminal offence and efforts had been made to discourage it.

A 35 per cent quota had been set for women’s participation in the parliament.

98. Malaysia commended Nigeria for the development of a multi-stakeholder and

inclusive approach through the National Policy Framework and Action Plan on Preventing

and Countering Violent Extremism.

99. Maldives commended Nigeria for incorporating international human rights

instruments in its national legislation and encouraged it to improve economic standards.

100. Mali praised Nigeria for its efforts to implement the recommendations from the

previous review, including programmes to train law enforcement officers on international

human rights standards.

101. Mauritania highlighted the constructive engagement of Nigeria with human rights

mechanisms and measures taken to implement previous recommendations.

102. Mauritius commended Nigeria for its legislative and institutional measures for the

promotion of human rights and efforts made to eradicate poverty.

103. Mexico recognized the progress achieved by Nigeria, particularly the human rights

training programmes for armed forces and security personnel.

104. Montenegro welcomed the efforts of Nigeria to eradicate child marriage and

encouraged the Government to rehabilitate and reintegrate into society girls who had been

abducted by Boko Haram.

105. Morocco valued the measures taken by Nigeria in the fight against terrorism and the

adoption of its Action Plan on Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism.

106. Mozambique noted that Nigeria was finalizing its national action plan on business

and human rights, and commended measures taken to improve human rights.

107. Namibia commended Nigeria for the significant achievements made, including its

cooperation with international human rights mechanisms.

108. Nepal welcomed steps taken to implement the second National Action Plan for the

Promotion and Protection of Human Rights and to abolish harmful practices, including

female genital mutilation.

109. The Netherlands commended recent efforts by Nigeria to promote human rights. It

expressed concern about human rights violations committed by security forces and their

lack of accountability.

110. New Zealand encouraged Nigeria to investigate the military’s compliance with

human rights and expressed concern over Boko Haram abuses and intercommunal violence.

111. The Niger encouraged Nigeria in its efforts to promote human rights in a context

characterized by the repeated attacks of Boko Haram.

112. Norway expressed concern over the rights of women and children and called on

Nigeria to include women in decision-making at all levels.

113. Oman noted the interest in promoting and protecting human rights through the

Economic Recovery and Growth Plan 2017–2020.

114. Pakistan appreciated the efforts of Nigeria to improve the accessibility and

accountability of the justice system and the development of an economic plan.

115. The Philippines commended Nigeria for enacting laws addressing violence against

women and children and human trafficking and for its domestication of international

treaties.

116. Portugal commended the role played by the National Human Rights Commission

and the adoption of rules of engagement for the armed forces.

117. Qatar welcomed the adoption by Nigeria of several plans, including those on

economic recovery and growth and the second national strategy on health.

118. The Republic of Korea expressed appreciation for the efforts of Nigeria to promote

human rights, notably its efforts to eliminate violence against women.

119. The Republic of Moldova welcomed the adoption by Nigeria of a series of essential

laws, including on torture, trafficking in persons and the administration of justice.

120. Romania congratulated Nigeria for its activity within the Human Rights Council and

its commitments to upholding human rights.

121. Rwanda welcomed the positive steps taken by Nigeria to implement the

recommendations from the previous review and to promote women’s rights.

122. Saudi Arabia commended Nigeria for the steps taken regarding the rights of the

child and their integration in domestic laws and procedures.

123. Senegal noted the efforts and the commitment to improving the economic and social

situation of the population.

124. Serbia noted the efforts to implement recommendations from the previous review,

the establishment of a national technical committee to create a database of missing persons

and the development of the Economic Recovery and Growth Plan 2017–2020.

125. Sierra Leone noted the issuance of a standing invitation to the special procedures,

the development of the Economic Recovery and Growth Plan 2017–2020 and the efforts to

develop a database of missing persons. It encouraged further efforts to address

environmental degradation.

126. Singapore acknowledged the efforts to improve the criminal justice system and to

advance social and economic rights.

127. Slovakia was concerned about human rights violations during counter-insurgency

operations and about violations of children’s rights.

128. Slovenia raised concerns in relation to the rights of the child, including that the

Child Rights Act had been enacted in only 24 states. The Convention on the Elimination of

All Forms of Discrimination against Women had not been effectively domesticated.

129. South Africa noted the progress made since the previous review and the

harmonization of the three anti-corruption strategies.

130. Spain noted the progress made by Nigeria since the previous review.

131. The State of Palestine welcomed the efforts to mainstream the Sustainable

Development Goals in the national development plans and to combat trafficking in persons.

132. The Sudan commended the efforts made to protect human rights, especially in

combating terrorism and in internal security operations.

133. Sweden encouraged further measures to ensure respect for human rights, including

for persons in vulnerable situations.

134. Switzerland supported the training of police and prison personnel on human rights

issues.

135. The Syrian Arab Republic noted the National Policy Framework and Action Plan on

Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism, the reform of the social justice system and

measures to combat corruption.

136. Thailand noted the efforts to build a human rights culture, particularly the

finalization of the national action plan on business and human rights.

137. Togo welcomed improvements in the judicial system and measures to promote

growth and improve social and economic standards.

138. Tunisia noted efforts to strengthen the legislative framework for human rights and

the adoption of a programme to combat violent extremism.

139. Turkey welcomed efforts to involve young people in politics and fight corruption,

and requested regular updates on the security situation in the north-east.

140. Turkmenistan noted the action plans for reform of the justice system and the

commitment of Nigeria to economic recovery and growth.

141. Uganda praised Nigeria for its ratification of the African Union Convention for the

Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa and noted its efforts to

eliminate discrimination and intolerance.

142. Ukraine noted the establishment of a national interministerial committee on the

universal periodic review, and efforts to implement the recommendations from previous

cycles.

143. The United Arab Emirates noted the development of the National Cyber-security

Strategy in 2014, justice system reforms and the Economic Recovery and Growth Plan

2017–2022.

144. The United Kingdom was concerned about the lack of prosecutions of members of

the security forces, human trafficking and the failure to enact the Gender and Equal

Opportunities Bill.

145. The United States was concerned about the sexual exploitation of internally

displaced persons, extrajudicial killings, arbitrary detention and the targeting of lesbian, gay,

bisexual, transgender and intersex persons.

146. Uruguay was pleased that Nigeria had ratified seven international human rights

instruments and hoped it would fully implement them.

147. The delegation of Nigeria noted the positive comments of a number of delegations

on a variety of issues, including its social and economic reforms, its efforts to fight

corruption and to repatriate stolen funds and its security sector reforms. It thanked the

delegations for their participation in the review.

II. Conclusions and/or recommendations

148. The following recommendations will be examined by Nigeria, which will

provide responses in due time, but no later than the fortieth session of the Human

Rights Council:

148.1 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil

and Political Rights and the Second Optional Protocol to the International

Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death

penalty (Benin);

148.2 Ratify the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on

Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty (Estonia);

148.3 Ratify the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on

Civil and Political Rights (Liechtenstein);

148.4 Ratify the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on

Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty

(Montenegro);

148.5 Ratify the Second Optional Protocol on the International Covenant

on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty (Togo);

148.6 Ratify the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on

Civil and Political Rights (Ukraine);

148.7 Ratify the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on

Civil and Political Rights and reform the Constitution in order to prohibit the

death penalty and establish, until that time, an indefinite moratorium (Spain);

148.8 Consider ratification of the Second Optional Protocol to the

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of

the death penalty (Georgia);

148.9 Adhere to the human rights instruments to which it is not yet a party,

in particular the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on

Civil and Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty, the

International Convention on the Protection of the Rights of All Migrant

Workers and Members of Their Families, and the African Union Convention

for the Protection and Assistance of Internally Displaced Persons in Africa (the

Kampala Convention) (Honduras);

148.10 Consider ratifying the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel,

Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment and its Optional Protocol

and domesticating already ratified conventions (Niger);

148.11 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on

Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (Benin);

148.12 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on

Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (Portugal);

148.13 Ratify the Optional Protocol to the Convention on the Rights of the

Child on a communications procedure and ensure its full implementation

(Slovakia);

148.14 Ratify the Kampala amendments to the Rome Statute (Liechtenstein);

148.15 Strengthen the implementation of its international obligations and

cooperation with human rights protection mechanisms, in particular by

reporting to all treaty bodies (Democratic Republic of the Congo);

148.16 Fully cooperate with the United Nations human rights mechanisms

and fulfil its reporting obligations under the various treaties (New Zealand);

148.17 Continue efforts to fulfil international obligations through the

submission of national reports (Iraq);

148.18 Intensify its efforts to develop and submit periodic reports to the

various treaty bodies in the areas of human rights where it is a party (Togo);

148.19 Consider inviting the Special Rapporteurs on the situation of human

rights defenders and on human rights and the environment, including to the

Niger Delta (Norway);

148.20 Sustain efforts in strengthening its legal and institutional frameworks

for the promotion and protection of human rights (Cameroon);

148.21 Continue its efforts in strengthening the legal and institutional

framework of human rights (Syrian Arab Republic);

148.22 Continue to strengthen steps in the protection and promotion of

human rights (Senegal);

148.23 Sustain its determined efforts in strengthening its legal and

institutional frameworks to ensure the full enjoyment of human rights by its

people (Pakistan);

148.24 Reinforce the legal framework of national institutions in the field of

human rights (Chad);

148.25 Modify the Constitution and Force Order 237 regarding the Police,

and ensure that the Anti-Torture Act is applied at the national level (Spain);

148.26 Take the necessary steps for the full implementation of the legislation

related to the protection of human rights (Romania);

148.27 Accelerate the process to incorporate the provisions of the

international human rights instruments to which it is party into national

legislation (Zimbabwe);

148.28 Continue efforts to implement all instruments ratified by Nigeria

(Jordan);

148.29 Align national legislation and customs in line with Nigeria’s

international obligations (Sudan);

148.30 Prioritize the full and effective implementation and reinforcement of

international human rights instruments, such as the Convention on the

Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women by using domestic

mechanisms, including the Violence Against Persons (Prohibition) Act

(Netherlands);

148.31 Step up efforts to domesticate ratified conventions, including the

Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court (Botswana);

148.32 Incorporate the provisions of the Rome Statute of the International

Criminal Court into its domestic legal system (Slovakia);

148.33 Adopt legislation that regulates the functioning of Nigeria’s security

agencies by limiting their powers, establishing oversight mechanisms consistent

with international human rights standards and safeguarding the right to

privacy (Chile);

148.34 Undertake measures to make economic, social and cultural rights

enforceable and create enabling legislation aimed at addressing poverty (South

Africa);

148.35 Pass into law the National Disability Bill (Bhutan);

148.36 Ensure that the Gender and Equal Opportunities Bill is passed into

law and ensure equal and full access to education for all children, especially

girls (Estonia);

148.37 Adopt the Gender and Equal Opportunities Bill and ensure its

effective implementation at all levels of government (Republic of Moldova);

148.38 Ensure that the law on the rights of the child and the law prohibiting

violence against persons are adopted and enforced in all states (Côte d’Ivoire);

148.39 Adopt and enforce the Child Rights Act in all states (Portugal);

148.40 Provide for the overall applicability of the Child Rights Act 2003 by

ensuring that the remaining 12 states adopt the law without delay (Slovenia);

148.41 Adopt and effectively enforce the Child Rights Act in the whole

country (Slovakia);

148.42 Ensure that all the states in Nigeria adopt and implement the Child

Rights Act, the Violence against Persons (Prohibition) Act and the international

human rights instruments the federal Government of Nigeria has ratified

(Cyprus);

148.43 Strengthen the implementation of legislation and policies aimed at

ending harmful traditional practices, in particular through the adoption of the

enforcement procedure of Nigeria’s Violence against Persons (Prohibition) Act

(Rwanda);

148.44 Ensure the adoption and implementation of the 2015 Violence against

Persons (Prohibition) Act in all of Nigeria’s 36 states (Denmark);

148.45 Intensify efforts to combat gender-based violence, especially through

the full implementation of the Violence against Persons (Prohibition) Act 2015

at the federal, state and local levels (Thailand);

148.46 Guarantee the application of the Violence against Persons

(Prohibition) Act throughout its territory and approve the Gender and Equal

Opportunities Bill (Spain);

148.47 Step up efforts to ensure that the Violence against Persons

(Prohibition) Act is adopted by and is applicable in all its states (Philippines);

148.48 Strengthen its national human rights framework by ensuring that the

Violence against Persons (Prohibition) Act is applicable in all states (Republic

of Korea);

148.49 Adopt the Violence against Persons (Prohibition) Act at the state

assembly level (Japan);

148.50 Ensure that the Violence against Persons (Prohibition) Act and the

2017–2021 National Strategy to End Child Marriage are fully implemented in

all states (Namibia);

148.51 Expand nationwide the territorial scope of the Violence against

Persons (Prohibition) Act 2015 by amending article 47 in order to provide

equal protection from violence to all Nigerians (Finland);

148.52 Strengthen the rights of women and girls, notably by enforcing across

all the territory the 2015 law banning all forms of violence against them

(France);

148.53 Strengthen the Child Rights Act 2003 and expand it to all 36 states

(Germany);

148.54 Adopt the necessary legislative and political measures so that the 12

northern states adopt the law on the rights of children that puts into practice

the prohibition of early and forced marriages (Honduras);

148.55 Enhance efforts to promote and protect the human rights of

vulnerable persons in its population (Uganda);

148.56 Take steps to ensure the operational and financial independence of

the National Human Rights Commission, including by filling all positions in the

Governing Council, in accordance with the Constitution (Canada);

148.57 Speedily finalize and adopt the national human rights action plan

2017–2022 to further strengthen Nigeria’s commitment to protecting human

rights (Ghana);

148.58 Continue to strengthen the implementation of policies and measures

relating to democracy, the rule of law and good governance for the effective

realization of human rights in the entire country (Angola);

148.59 Continue its ongoing reforms in all spheres including education,

health care and gender equality to promote and uphold fundamental human

rights (Turkmenistan);

148.60 Take further steps to strengthen policies with a view to addressing

transnational organized crime, particularly drugs trafficking (Indonesia);

148.61 Join the Code of Conduct regarding Security Council action against

genocide, crimes against humanity and war crimes, as elaborated by the

Accountability, Coherence and Transparency Group (Liechtenstein);

148.62 Continue upgrading training programmes on the protection of

human rights (Islamic Republic of Iran);

148.63 Further develop the institutional capacity of the staff of the Institute

for Peace and Conflict Resolution in peacebuilding and reconciliation (Oman);

148.64 Continue efforts to carry out awareness-raising and sensitization

campaigns on human rights through training and capacity-building (Mauritius);

148.65 Continue awareness-raising on the principles of human rights

(Sudan);

148.66 Ensure the respect, protection and fulfilment of human rights for all

persons, without distinction of any kind (Sweden);

148.67 Adopt measures to combat all forms of discrimination, especially

against women and lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and intersex persons

(Italy);

148.68 Promote the enactment of the Gender and Equal Opportunities Bill

(Mexico);

148.69 Adopt a comprehensive definition of discrimination against women in

line with article 1 of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of

Discrimination against Women (Botswana);

148.70 Address discrimination against minority and vulnerable groups by

taking action to discourage politicians from using religious, ethnic or settler-

indigenous division for political ends (United Kingdom of Great Britain and

Northern Ireland);

148.71 Fight against discrimination based on sexual orientation or gender

identity (France);

148.72 Adopt measures to combat violence and discrimination based on

sexual orientation and gender identity, repealing the section of the Penal Code

that criminalizes homosexuality with the death penalty, as previously

recommended (Uruguay);

148.73 Amend and review all legislation and policies with a view to

decriminalizing same-sex relations (Austria);

148.74 Repeal legislation that discriminates on the basis of sexual orientation

or gender identity (Iceland);

148.75 Repeal all relevant legislation that discriminates against lesbian, gay,

bisexual, transgender and intersex individuals and same-sex marriage (New

Zealand);

148.76 Abrogate the new discriminatory legislation on sexual orientation

and gender identity, which criminalizes, inter alia, consensual sexual relations

between people of the same sex (Belgium);

148.77 Review the Violence against Persons (Prohibition) Act of 2015 in

order to prohibit all types of violence without discrimination, including

discrimination based on sexual orientation and gender identity (Mexico);

148.78 Take the necessary measures to repeal from legislation the norm that

runs counter to the human rights of the lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and

intersex community, and investigate and punish those who commit

discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation (Argentina);

148.79 Ensure full territorial coverage by the Violence against Persons

(Prohibition) Act, especially article 37, in order to ensure that all, regardless of

their sexual orientation or gender, will be able to find legal reparation for the

violence they suffer (Chile);

148.80 Repeal the Same-Sex Marriage Prohibition Act 2013 and ensure that

nobody is punished because of their sexual orientation and release all

individuals held in detention because of homosexuality (Germany);

148.81 Release all individuals held in detention because of their real or

perceived sexual orientation or gender identity (Iceland);

148.82 Allocate adequate resources to ensure the effective implementation of

the Economic Recovery and Growth Plan in all its sectors in order to meet the

relevant Sustainable Development Goal targets (Singapore);

148.83 Continue the measures to promote the rule of law and good

governance, including through further implementing the National Anti-

Corruption Strategy (Thailand);

148.84 Implement the National Anti-Corruption Strategy to give impetus to

the right to development and to safeguard the full enjoyment of civil, political,

economic, social and cultural rights (Ghana);

148.85 Vigorously pursue the fight against all forms of corruption and

against economic crime (Comoros);

148.86 Provide support to all Nigerians in order to eliminate corruption

(Kuwait);

148.87 Continue the fight against corruption and the efforts to repatriate the

funds resulting from corrupt activities for the benefit of the population

(Senegal);

148.88 Continue to make the necessary efforts to eradicate corruption in the

country (Djibouti);

148.89 Continue strengthening its efforts in the area of combating

corruption (Syrian Arab Republic);

148.90 Pursue its efforts to combat corruption (Egypt);

148.91 Fully implement its commitments under the Paris Agreement (Fiji);

148.92 Strengthen its measures and implement policies relating to climate

change, environmental protection and disaster risk reduction (Fiji);

148.93 Take effective measures to support communities that have suffered

from oil spills that have caused damage to the environment (Congo);

148.94 Take effective measures to assist the communities suffering from

environmental damage across the Niger Delta due to oil spills by providing

health care and education facilities and fostering the means for the creation of

alternative livelihood options (Republic of Korea);

148.95 Accelerate the regulatory process aimed at reducing the negative

impact of company activities on the enjoyment of human rights (Algeria);

148.96 Adopt a national plan of action for the implementation of the United

Nations Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights and establish

mechanisms for its implementation (Switzerland);

148.97 Complete the finalization and implementation of the national plan of

action on business and human rights (Bahrain);

148.98 Finalize its national action plan on human rights and business

(Kenya);

148.99 Finalize the national action plan on business and human rights, and

consider sharing best practices in that regard (Namibia);

148.100 Finalize the national action plan on human rights and business

(South Africa);

148.101 Consider setting up a follow-up mechanism to implement the national

plan of action on business and human rights (United Arab Emirates);

148.102 Take all necessary measures to protect the lives of civilians, while

fighting insurgency (Afghanistan);

148.103 Ensure all operations by the military and security forces comply with

international law and Nigeria’s human rights obligations (Australia);

148.104 Mainstream human rights standards in counter-terrorism actions

undertaken by security forces (Portugal);

148.105 Raise awareness of human rights, especially within the government

forces involved in counter-insurgency operations, to avoid excessive use of force,

extrajudicial killings and ill-treatment (Cyprus);

148.106 Strengthen civil-military cooperation in the fight against terrorism

(Ethiopia);

148.107 Sustain ongoing efforts in ensuring respect for human rights in

counter-terrorism operations (Lebanon);

148.108 Strengthen the fight against impunity, notably guaranteeing respect

for rights in the fight against terrorism and law enforcement (France);

148.109 Pursue its efforts to fight terrorism (Egypt);

148.110 Redouble efforts to fight terrorism (Burundi);

148.111 Continue to strengthen effective measures against extremism and

terrorism (Comoros);

148.112 Continue efforts in the context of the programme to combat violent

extremism by giving particular attention to strengthening a culture of tolerance

and moderation (United Arab Emirates);

148.113 Strengthen existing measures to better counter the spread of

radicalization in the country (Morocco);

148.114 Continue to redouble efforts in the fight against terrorism for the

security of its population and those of neighbouring countries (Chad);

148.115 Continue with efforts to fight extremism and terrorism (Kuwait);

148.116 Continue to fight terrorism and extremism and create a safe and

stable environment for the promotion and protection of human rights (China);

148.117 Strengthen all efforts to address violent extremism (Guyana);

148.118 Do not relent in its counter-terrorism operations, with the aim of

finally ending the menace of terrorism in the country (Cameroon);

148.119 Continue the implementation of measures and strategies to combat

terrorism in order to ensure adequate protection of the population (Belarus);

148.120 Review counter-terrorism laws and policies to ensure compliance

with international standards, including international human rights and

humanitarian law (Brazil);

148.121 Take appropriate action to guarantee respect for human rights in the

fight against terrorism, insurgency and other internal security operations, and

to ensure that all perpetrators of violations are brought to justice (Bulgaria);

148.122 Continue to mobilize resources and galvanize international support

to address the humanitarian crisis occasioned by terrorist activities, especially

in the north-eastern part of the country (Pakistan);

148.123 Reinforce victim protection services, taking into account the

vulnerability of children and women facing terrorist groups’ actions (Portugal);

148.124 Abolish the death penalty (Cabo Verde);

148.125 Consider the abolition of the death penalty (Romania);

148.126 Abolish the death penalty, especially for persons under 18 years of

age, and progressively reduce the number of crimes punishable by capital

punishment, as previously recommended (Uruguay);

148.127 Take concrete measures to introduce a de jure moratorium on the

death penalty with a view towards its total abolition (Rwanda);

148.128 Abolish the death penalty, adopt an immediate de facto moratorium

and ratify the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil

and Political Rights (Portugal);

148.129 Implement a moratorium on the death penalty and take steps to

ratify the Second Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and

Political Rights, aiming at the abolition of the death penalty (Republic of

Moldova);

148.130 Introduce a moratorium on the death penalty with a view to

abolishing it (Sweden);

148.131 Work towards the abolition of the death penalty (Holy See);

148.132 Consider abolishing the death penalty or introducing a moratorium

on sentencing convicted persons to capital punishment (Hungary);

148.133 Consider speeding up the process that will lead to the abolition of the

death penalty (Mozambique);

148.134 Formally establish a moratorium on executions and work towards the

abolition of the death penalty, including through ratification of the Second

Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights

(New Zealand);

148.135 Establish a moratorium on executions, commute all death sentences

to terms of imprisonment and abolish the death penalty for all crimes (Iceland);

148.136 Establish a moratorium on executions with a view to the complete

abolition of the death penalty and commute all existing death sentences

(Liechtenstein);

148.137 Establish a moratorium on the use of the death penalty and step up

national discussions on the question of its abolition (Mexico);

148.138 Restore the moratorium on the use of death penalty with a view to

abolishing it (Italy);

148.139 Consider signing a moratorium on the death penalty (Greece);

148.140 Establish a formal moratorium on the death penalty as a step

towards complete abolition of this practice (Australia);

148.141 Renew the death penalty moratorium and as a next step, abolish

capital punishment (Czechia);

148.142 Sign a moratorium on execution of death sentences (Denmark);

148.143 Institute a moratorium on the death penalty with a view to its

abolition (France);

148.144 Ensure that the moratorium on the death penalty is upheld at the

federal and state levels with a view to abolishing the death penalty (Austria);

148.145 Provide and implement measures to protect against violations of

human rights committed by security forces in order to better protect the

population (Belgium);

148.146 Implement safeguards against human rights violations by the security

forces and ensure that the perpetrators of violence, both State and non-State

actors, are brought to justice (Ireland);

148.147 Continue efforts to counteract violence and improve the security and

protection of people in remote areas (Cabo Verde);

148.148 Take further measures in implementing its programme to counter

violence (Turkmenistan);

148.149 Continue to enact legislation to protect persons from violent crimes,

especially children, women and the elderly (Bahrain);

148.150 Ensure that enforced disappearance constitutes a crime in line with

Nigeria’s obligations under the International Convention for the Protection of

All Persons from Enforced Disappearance and allow independent human rights

investigators full access to investigate allegations of enforced disappearances

and extrajudicial killings (Germany);

148.151 Continue efforts aimed at developing a database of missing persons in

Nigeria (Azerbaijan);

148.152 Expand the interministerial technical working group to develop a

database of missing persons in Nigeria to include all relevant agencies (Guyana);

148.153 Create conditions conducive to preventing torture, including by

creating a central database or register of all places of detention (Hungary);

148.154 Modify the law against torture to provide rehabilitation for victims

(Chile);

148.155 Notify the Subcommittee on Prevention of Torture and Other Cruel,

Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment as a State party to the

Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture of a national preventive

mechanism for independent monitoring in all detention facilities (Czechia);

148.156 Establish a national preventive mechanism in accordance with the

Optional Protocol to the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel,

Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (Ukraine);

148.157 Speed up the implementation of the Nigerian Prisons and

Correctional Service Bill (Georgia);

148.158 Implement the United Nations Standard Minimum Rules for the

Treatment of Prisoners (the Nelson Mandela Rules) to improve conditions of

detention and to end the ill-treatment of detainees (Switzerland);

148.159 Continue to strengthen the legal and institutional frameworks to

improve the effectiveness, accessibility, accountability, transparency and

fairness of the justice system (South Africa);

148.160 Continue to review and reform its criminal justice system so as to

strengthen the rule of law in Nigeria (Singapore);

148.161 Invest in the training of its justice sector officials to remain current

with the reforms in the criminal justice system (Singapore);

148.162 Further guarantee the impartiality and effectiveness of the judicial

system (Afghanistan);

148.163 Make awareness-raising campaigns to rectify and promote social

tolerance behaviour in order to contribute to overcoming difficulties facing the

rule of law in the country (Iraq);

148.164 Adopt measures to fight against impunity with an increased focus on

Boko Haram’s crimes (Portugal);

148.165 Conduct prompt, thorough and independent investigations into

allegations of violations of human rights and international humanitarian law

committed by some government forces during counter-insurgency operations,

and bring perpetrators to justice (Slovakia);

148.166 Take concrete steps to remove all provisions that criminalize petty

offences from both federal and state laws (Austria);

148.167 Ensure greater access to justice for women and girls who are victims

of violence (Gabon);

148.168 Intensify efforts to eradicate impunity by strengthening

accountability and the rule of law, particularly through monitoring,

investigating and reporting on human rights abuses, and to ensure that all

alleged perpetrators, in particular those affiliated with the official security

forces, are brought to justice (Netherlands);

148.169 Intensify efforts to enable women to gain access to justice by

increasing gender awareness among judges and other court personnel

(Liechtenstein);

148.170 Ensure that the perpetrators of violence and crimes against children

as well as adults are brought to justice (Holy See);

148.171 Implement safeguards to prevent the sexual exploitation and abuse of

vulnerable persons and hold those responsible accountable (United States of

America);

148.172 Investigate and punish those responsible for violations of human

rights and international humanitarian law, for example attacks against schools,

hospitals and protected persons, humanitarian actors and their organizations,

and those who committed abductions of children, civilians and humanitarian

actors (Argentina);

148.173 Investigate all reported cases of human rights violations by security

forces, bring to justice suspected perpetrators, and ensure transparency,

including by making public the report of the Presidential Panel to Review

Compliance of the Armed Forces (Canada);

148.174 Continue the efforts to more effectively prevent human rights

violations during the operations of its security forces and to bring all those

suspected of criminal responsibility to justice (Republic of Korea);

148.175 Put in place effective mechanisms to investigate human rights

violations committed by security forces, identify those responsible and bring

them to justice (Switzerland);

148.176 Commit to releasing the findings from the Presidential Investigative

Panel and the army-led Special Board of Inquiry and to holding perpetrators to

account (Australia);

148.177 Make public the findings of the Presidential Investigative Panel,

which investigated allegations of human rights violations by the military, to

facilitate open analysis and scrutiny (United States of America);

148.178 Publish the reports about abuses committed by security forces and

implement the recommendations, including the prosecution of those responsible

for violence against civilians (Germany);

148.179 Make progress on investigating the military’s compliance with

human rights obligations (New Zealand);

148.180 Regarding recurring intercommunal violence, undertake effective

and impartial investigations into massacres, bringing those responsible to

justice and ensuring redress for victims (New Zealand);

148.181 Enforce a comprehensive “handover protocol” to ensure that

detained children are promptly transferred to child protection actors (United

States of America);

148.182 Obey court orders for the release of Ibrahim and Zeenat El Zakzaky

and hold accountable the perpetrators of the killing of 347 Islamic Movement

in Nigeria members (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland);

148.183 Protect the rights to freedom of association, expression and peaceful

assembly for all Nigerians, regardless of ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation

or gender identity (Australia);

148.184 Protect and promote freedom of expression, association and peaceful

assembly in order to create a safe and favourable environment for human

rights defenders, journalists and civil society (Italy);

148.185 Ensure that the fundamental rights to freedom of association and

peaceful assembly are respected and protected for all Nigerians without

distinction of any kind and in accordance with the Constitution (Canada);

148.186 Ensure that the fundamental right to freedom of association and

peaceful assembly is respected and protected for all Nigerians without

distinction of any kind (Ireland);

148.187 Protect and guarantee religious freedom and the rights of people of

faith in Nigeria (Chile);

148.188 Continue efforts to enhance dialogue among religious and ethnic

groups and promote the enjoyment of the rights of freedom of religion or belief

of minority groups in all regions of Nigeria (Holy See);

148.189 Continue the measures to increase the freedom of religion and belief

for all (Kenya);

148.190 Create and maintain a safe and enabling environment for human

rights defenders, including those working on environmental issues (Norway);

148.191 Refrain from adopting legislative or policy steps that would restrict

civil society space (Estonia);

148.192 Take further steps to deepen its democracy and expand the borders

of its political arena containing every entity of its demographically rich society

(Turkey);

148.193 Adopt legislation that includes special measures to increase the

participation of women in political and public life (Chile);

148.194 Increase the number of women engaged in decision-making bodies to

promote gender equality (Iraq);

148.195 During the preparation of the February 2019 general elections,

respect the recommendations of previous election observation missions

concerning equal political participation (Czechia);

148.196 Strengthen political and institutional safeguards to ensure free and

fair elections and call upon all parties and the security forces to refrain from

violence and intimidation and accept the results declared by the Independent

National Election Commission (Germany);

148.197 Further consolidate the legal electoral framework in order to

improve the inclusivity and transparency of the electoral process and equal

political participation (Romania);

148.198 Fight against trafficking in human beings and slavery, especially of

women and girls (Holy See);

148.199 Step up efforts to combat human trafficking, especially in women and

children, inter alia, by enforcing the relevant 2015 Act (Greece);

148.200 Step up efforts to prevent and combat human trafficking (Lesotho);

148.201 Adopt more robust measures to address trafficking in persons,

including by developing capacity for trafficking investigations and prosecutions

(Indonesia);

148.202 Expedite efforts to establish a new national action plan on human

trafficking (Sierra Leone);

148.203 Strengthen engagement between federal agencies and state

governments to ensure greater coordination on issues of human trafficking and

modern slavery (United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland);

148.204 Continue with its commendable efforts to combat human trafficking

(Cameroon);

148.205 Continue investigations and trials concerning trafficking in persons

and enact laws providing for suitable punishment for traffickers (State of

Palestine);

148.206 Continue to raise awareness about trafficking in human beings to

prevent people from becoming trafficked and ensure that support is provided

to victims (Austria);

148.207 Step up its efforts to combat trafficking in persons, especially women

and children, including by improving the practice of enforcing legislation

(Belarus);

148.208 Continue efforts to promote and protect the rights of the child,

especially in relation to combating child trafficking (Maldives);

148.209 Continue its efforts to combat trafficking in persons, female genital

mutilation, early and forced marriages and sexual and gender-based violence

(Gabon);

148.210 Strengthen measures to prevent child trafficking and enhance social

and economic welfare opportunities for the victims (Nepal);

148.211 Take further measures to improve the socioeconomic conditions of

women, children and other vulnerable groups (Bhutan);

148.212 Continue to strengthen social programmes in favour of the most

vulnerable groups, especially women and children (Bolivarian Republic of

Venezuela);

148.213 Continue efforts to protect human rights to ensure their effective

implementation by improving living conditions and achieving sustainable

development in the country (Libya);

148.214 Continue efforts to adopt a development policy to reduce poverty in

the country (Yemen);

148.215 Intensify efforts to improve the well-being of all its citizens, especially

the most vulnerable groups (Zimbabwe);

148.216 Continue the good work to guarantee access to adequate housing for

all citizens (Bangladesh);

148.217 Continue to implement the 2017–2020 Economic Recovery and

Growth Plan to promote sustainable economic and social development and

improve people’s living standards (China);

148.218 Continue to take effective measures to assist the communities in need

by providing health-care and education facilities and fostering the means for

the creation of alternative livelihood options (Fiji);

148.219 Continue to work on the effective implementation of the second

national plan for the development of the health system (2018–2022), especially

to ensure coverage in rural and remote areas (Cuba);

148.220 Make continuous efforts to fully implement the second national plan

for the development of health 2018–2022 with a view to attaining universal

health coverage for all Nigerians and share good experience gained in this

respect (Democratic People’s Republic of Korea);

148.221 Continue measures for ensuring universal health coverage (India);

148.222 Continue to invest in the health sector, to ensure access to basic

health services (Lebanon);

148.223 Continue to implement policies to ensure the availability of health-

care providers to those living in rural and other difficult to access areas

(Malaysia);

148.224 Make further efforts to improve the health-care system (Oman);

148.225 Further develop strategies, and ascertain the implementation of such,

to ensure that all citizens regardless of status, gender or location have equal

access to quality health care and education (Norway);

148.226 Take specific steps to promote, protect and fulfil the sexual and

reproductive rights of women and girls, which is especially important for those

affected by the armed conflicts (Finland);

148.227 Increase its efforts to reduce the high maternal and child mortality

rates (Greece);

148.228 Take steps to ensure a decrease of the maternal and child mortality

rates (Estonia);

148.229 Ensure free access to primary education (Qatar);

148.230 Continue efforts to take all measures needed to guarantee mandatory

education for all children (Saudi Arabia);

148.231 Take appropriate actions to ensure that all children, regardless of

their social status, have access to compulsory education (Slovakia);

148.232 Improve the quality of education in rural areas and promote

inclusive education, which guarantees gender equality in education (Algeria);

148.233 Continue efforts made to improve the quality of education and fight

school dropout (Tunisia);

148.234 Continue and strengthen measures to ensure equal access to quality

education for all, especially for girls (Djibouti);

148.235 Take further measures to strengthen educational opportunities for

girls (Lesotho);

148.236 Further strengthen educational opportunities for girls and women

(Maldives);

148.237 Continue to improve the education sector to provide quality

education to all its citizens (Lebanon);

148.238 Continue implementation of the ongoing policies for the development

of the education sector (India);

148.239 Continue to improve the school environment and strengthen

educational programmes to counter harmful traditional practices, in

cooperation with international agencies such as the United Nations Educational,

Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and the United Nations

Children’s Fund (UNICEF) (Democratic People’s Republic of Korea);

148.240 Strengthen the school feeding programmes with local products,

aimed at improving school enrolment rates, and raise the completion of studies

at the primary level, improving the nutrition and health of children

(Plurinational State of Bolivia);

148.241 Provide further support for the school feeding programme, aimed at

increasing enrolment (Oman);

148.242 Continue to implement measures for the development of its education

system, including expanding access to literacy programmes (Cuba);

148.243 Increase efforts to combat all forms of discrimination against women,

eradicating the practice of female genital mutilation, already prohibited by law,

and ensuring that the law on sexual and gender-based violence is approved

throughout the national territory (Uruguay);

148.244 Continue to plan and to implement national strategies for the

Sustainable Development Goals and adopt a plan to ensure the effective role of

women in the implementation of these strategies (State of Palestine);

148.245 Continue implementing measures to improve conditions for women

(India);

148.246 Redouble efforts in ensuring the protection of the rights of women

and children (Indonesia);

148.247 Continue efforts to eliminate discrimination against women and girls

with disabilities and economic barriers in various fields, especially in access to

health care, education and employment (Saudi Arabia);

148.248 Pursue efforts to fight violence against women (Tunisia);

148.249 Continue efforts to address violence against women and children,

particularly in crisis-affected areas (Philippines);

148.250 Ensure that the rights of women are respected, protected and fulfilled,

including their rights to sexual and reproductive health, addressing

discrimination through wife inheritance laws and eliminating child marriage

(New Zealand);

148.251 Improve the status of women and girls by enacting the National

Gender Policy and implementing the Convention on the Elimination of All

Forms of Discrimination against Women, the Maputo Protocol and the Child

Rights Act (Canada);

148.252 Continue the efforts aiming to improve the socioeconomic conditions

of women (Morocco);

148.253 Take steps to ensure that rural women have the right of ownership of

agricultural land equal to that of men (Hungary);

148.254 Continue efforts to provide women with access to economic

opportunities, such as through the Business Development Fund for women and

the National Women Empowerment Fund (Malaysia);

148.255 Protect and promote the rights of women and girls, including by

enhancing reproductive health, ending harmful traditional practices and taking

concrete measures against sexual and gender-based violence (Norway);

148.256 Accelerate the repeal or modification of laws discriminating against

women (Congo);

148.257 Take strong legislative action to punish all forms of violence against

women (Madagascar);

148.258 Redouble its efforts, assigning human and financial resources to the

institutions in charge of applying the law in order to remove the impunity that

benefits the perpetrators of violence against women (Honduras);

148.259 Ensure the full implementation of the Convention on the Elimination

of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (Brazil);

148.260 Adopt concrete measures to eliminate gender discrimination and

violence against women (Iceland);

148.261 Ensure effective protection from violence against women (Argentina);

148.262 Step up action to prevent violence and discrimination against women

(Cabo Verde);

148.263 Step up efforts in raising awareness among religious and traditional

leaders, and the population in general, of the criminal nature of female genital

mutilation and other traditional practices (Argentina);

148.264 Strengthen implementation of the laws to abolish female genital

mutilation (Guyana);

148.265 Strengthen the efforts to alleviate harmful traditional practices

affecting the human rights of women and children (Ethiopia);

148.266 Engage in awareness-raising on the criminal nature of female genital

mutilation and its negative impact on women (Côte d’Ivoire);

148.267 Give continuity to programmes to ensure the economic empowerment

of women, such as the initiatives of the Business Development Fund for Women,

with an emphasis on rural areas (Plurinational State of Bolivia);

148.268 Intensify efforts to facilitate women’s economic empowerment,

particularly in rural areas (Bulgaria);

148.269 Continue to develop concrete programmes in accordance with the

relevant international instruments, to put an end to traditional and religious

practices that contradict the development and well-being of children, especially

girls (Angola);

148.270 Implement further measures to end the practice of recruitment and

the use of children in military operations (Belarus);

148.271 Ensure that the law on the rights of the child is adopted and applied

in the states that have not yet done so (Belgium);

148.272 Accelerate its measures to eradicate violence against children (Japan);

148.273 Continue efforts to eradicate forced and early marriages of children,

which have a negative impact in terms of economy and health for those

concerned (Burundi);

148.274 Double its efforts to ensure that the 2003 law fixing the minimum age

of marriage at 18 years is extended and effective in the 36 states (Central

African Republic);

148.275 Continue with the legal, administrative and policy measures to

completely eradicate early and child marriages (Kenya);

148.276 Unify the age of marriage in all states in order to eradicate child,

early and forced marriage, both in law and in practice (Sierra Leone);

148.277 Intensify actions to end child marriage and ensure that the Child

Rights Act is applied at the national level (Spain);

148.278 Continue efforts to promote the rights of children and combat child

marriage in accordance with the national strategy 2017–2021 to end child

marriage (Tunisia);

148.279 Intensify efforts to protect and promote the rights of children against

all forms of violence and discrimination, in particular by preventing and

combating child, early and forced marriages (Italy);

148.280 Continue efforts to provide qualitative and accessible education and

health care for all children (Nepal);

148.281 Continue efforts to ensure greater effectiveness in protecting children

against trafficking, sexual exploitation and military recruitment (Cabo Verde);

148.282 Step up efforts to implement the National Disability Bill (Georgia);

148.283 Continue working on implementing the rights of persons with

disabilities (Jordan);

148.284 Take measures by which women and girls with disabilities facing

physical and economic barriers in various fields gain, with no restrictions,

access to health care, education and employment (Serbia);

148.285 Involve persons with disabilities in the preparation of the draft

national law on disability and in the establishment of the national commission

for persons with disabilities (Qatar);

148.286 Maintain the positive dynamics of granting internally displaced

persons equal political participation (Azerbaijan);

148.287 Ensure that the rights of all migrant workers and members of their

family are respected and guaranteed by a legislative framework (Madagascar);

148.288 Ensure the protection of women and children from all forms of abuse

and exploitation in internally displaced persons’ camps (Montenegro);

148.289 Take further measures to fulfil its obligations under the Convention

on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women and Security

Council resolution 1325 (2000) to protect women from sexual violence in

internally displaced persons’ camps and ensure that allegations of misconduct

are investigated and brought to justice, and, in this context, establish an

oversight mechanism for security forces that meets with international human

rights standards (Sweden);

148.290 Ensure equality in the transmission of nationality between men and

women (Central African Republic).

149. All conclusions and/or recommendations contained in the present report reflect

the position of the submitting State(s) and/or the State under review. They should not

be construed as endorsed by the Working Group as a whole.

Annex

Composition of the delegation

The delegation of Nigeria was headed by H.E. Mr. Audu Ayinla Kadiri, Ambassador

Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary, Permanent Representative of the Federal Republic of

Nigeria to the United Nations Office and other international organizations in Geneva, and

composed of the following members:

• Mr. Anthony Ojukwu, Esq, Executive Secretary National Human Rights;

• Mrs. Stella Anukam, Director, International and Comparative Law Department, Federal Ministry of Justice;

• Mr. Anthony Oluborode, Office of the National Security Adviser;

• Mr. Richards Adejola, Acting Director, International Organizations Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs;

• Mohammed Idris Haidara, Assistant Director, Office of the Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Foreign Affairs;

• Mrs. Edith O. Poko, Minister, Permanent Mission of Nigeria to the United Nations Office and other international organizations in Geneva;

• Mr. Tunde Mukaila Mustapha, Minister, Permanent Mission of Nigeria to the United Nations Office and other international organizations in Geneva;

• Mrs. Ifeanyi Oche-Obe, Deputy Director Federal Ministry of Justice;

• Mr. Alexander Temitope Ajayi, Minister, Permanent Mission of Nigeria to the United Nations, New York;

• Prof. Bem Angwe, Professor University of Jos;

• Prof. Sylvester Shikyil, Consultant UPR;

• Mr. Abdulraham Ayinde Yakubu, National Human Rights Commission;

• Mr. Emmanuel Akissa, Office of the Secretary to the Government of the Federation;

• Mr. Danjuma Abdulai, Chief State Counsel, Federal Ministry of Justice;

• Ms. Abimbola Ajileye, Assistant Chief State Counsel, Federal Ministry of Justice;

• Ms. Ezinwanne Obie Osuigwe, Counsellor, Ministry of Foreign Affairs;

• Mr. Ode Ezekiel Ikwe, Counsellor, Permanent Mission of Nigeria to the United Nations Office and other international organizations in Geneva;

• Mr. Muhammad Sulaiman Isa, Counsellor, Permanent Mission of Nigeria to the United Nations Office and other international organizations in Geneva;

• Mr. Oluwaseyi Ezekiel Poroku, Third Secretary, Ministry of Foreign Affairs;

• Mr. Ogunlowo Thompson Oyemade, State Counsel, Federal Ministry of Justice;

• Mr. Austine Erameh, CISLAC;

• Mr. Frank Tietie, CASER.