RES/34/16 Rights of the child: protection of the rights of the child in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development

GE.17-05580(E)



Human Rights Council Thirty-fourth session

27 February – 24 March 2017

Agenda item 3

Resolution adopted by the Human Rights Council on 24 March 2017

34/16. Rights of the child: protection of the rights of the child in the

implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable

Development

The Human Rights Council,

Emphasizing that the Convention on the Rights of the Child constitutes the standard

in the promotion and protection of the rights of the child, bearing in mind the importance of

the Optional Protocols to the Convention, and calling for their universal ratification and

effective implementation,

Recalling all previous resolutions on the rights of the child of the Commission on

Human Rights, the Human Rights Council and the General Assembly, the most recent

being Council resolution 31/7 of 23 March 2016 and Assembly resolution 71/177 of 19

December 2016,

Reaffirming that the general principles of the Convention on the Rights of the Child,

including the best interests of the child, non-discrimination, participation and survival and

development, provide the framework for all actions concerning children,

Welcoming the work of the Committee on the Rights of the Child and of other treaty

bodies, and noting in particular the general comments of the Committee,

Welcoming also the attention paid by the special procedures of the Human Rights

Council to the rights of the child in the context of their respective mandates, in particular

the work of the Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child prostitution and child

pornography, and of the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on Violence

against Children and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for Children and

Armed Conflict, and taking note with appreciation of their recent reports,1

Recalling its resolutions 5/1, on the institution-building of the Human Rights

Council, and 5/2, on the Code of Conduct for Special Procedures Mandate Holders of the

1 A/HRC/34/55, A/HRC/34/45 and A/HRC/34/44.

Council, of 18 June 2007, and stressing that all mandate holders shall discharge their duties

in accordance with those resolutions and the annexes thereto,

Recalling also General Assembly resolution 70/1 of 25 September 2015, entitled

“Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development”, in which the

Assembly adopted a comprehensive, far-reaching and people-centred set of universal and

transformative Sustainable Development Goals and targets, and expressed its commitment

to working tirelessly for the full implementation of the Agenda by 2030, its recognition that

eradicating poverty in all its forms and dimensions, including extreme poverty, is the

greatest global challenge and an indispensable requirement for sustainable development, its

commitment to achieving sustainable development in its three dimensions – economic,

social and environmental – in a balanced and integrated manner, and to building upon the

achievements of the Millennium Development Goals and seeking to address their

unfinished business and recognizing that achieving the Sustainable Development Goals can

help ensure that children can assert and enjoy their rights,

Recalling further that the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development is guided by

the purposes and principles of the Charter of the United Nations, grounded in the Universal

Declaration of Human Rights, international human rights treaties, including the Convention

on the Rights of the Child and its Optional Protocols, the Convention on the Elimination of

All Forms of Discrimination against Women and the Convention on the Rights of Persons

with Disabilities, the Millennium Declaration and the 2005 World Summit Outcome, and

informed by other instruments, such as the Declaration on the Right to Development, and

reaffirming the outcomes of all major United Nations conferences and summits which have

laid a solid foundation for sustainable development and have helped to shape the new

Agenda, including the Rio Declaration on Environment and Development, the World

Summit on Sustainable Development, the World Summit for Social Development, the

Programme of Action of the International Conference on Population and Development, the

Beijing Platform for Action and the United Nations Conference on Sustainable

Development, and the follow-up to these conferences, and that the Agenda is to be

implemented, followed up on and reviewed in a manner that is consistent with the

obligations of States under international law,

Welcoming the entry into force of the Paris Agreement, adopted under the United

Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, noting that climate change exacerbates

risks to those in the most vulnerable situations, including children, and underlining that the

effective implementation of the Agreement reinforces the 2030 Agenda,

Cognizant that the 17 Sustainable Development Goals and 169 targets contained in

the 2030 Agenda are aimed at realizing the human rights of all, leaving no one behind and

reaching those furthest behind first by, inter alia, achieving gender equality and the

empowerment of women and girls, and that the achievement of all the Goals and targets

may contribute to the realization of the rights of the child,

Deeply concerned that, globally, 18,000 children still die each day from poverty-

related causes, nearly one in four children under the age of 5, out of an estimated total of

159 million, have stunted growth, particularly in developing countries, and 6.1 per cent are

overweight,

Recognizing that, while under-5 mortality has declined globally, an estimated 5.9

million children under the age of 5 died in 2015, with a global under-5 mortality rate of 43

per 1,000 live births,

Concerned that 1 million girls under 15 give birth every year, and that the risk of

maternal mortality is highest for adolescent girls under 15 years of age,

Deeply concerned that, every five minutes, a child dies as a result of violence and

that, globally, in the past year, 1 billion children between 2 and 17 years of age experienced

physical, sexual, emotional or multiple types of violence, with an estimated 120 million

girls and 73 million boys having been victims of sexual violence at some point in their

lives, and particularly welcoming in this respect target 16.2 of the Sustainable Development

Goals to end abuse, exploitation, trafficking and all forms of violence against and torture of

children,

Deeply concerned also that more than 200 million girls and women alive today have

undergone female genital mutilation and that 3 million girls are at risk of undergoing

female genital mutilation every year, and expressing further concern that more than 720

million women alive today were married before their eighteenth birthday and that more

than one in three (about 250 million) entered into such a union before the age of 15, and

that, although boys are affected, child, early and forced marriage disproportionately affects

girls,

Still concerned that 168 million children are engaged in child labour, with half of

that number working in the worst forms of labour, that 5.5 million children are in forced

labour, and that nearly 50 million children are at increased risk of child labour, modern

slavery and human trafficking,

Alarmed that, of 263 million school-age children worldwide, nearly 1 in 10 were out

of school in 2015 and that 1 in 5 of those children had dropped out,

Recognizing that children are disproportionately affected in complex humanitarian

emergencies, increasing their vulnerability as refugees, internally displaced persons or

migrants, and recalling that, around the world, nearly 50 million children have migrated

across borders or been forcibly displaced, including more than 10 million refugee children

and more than 98,000 unaccompanied and separated children, and that children now

comprise half of all refugees,

Considering that the pledge made in the 2030 Agenda to leave no one behind

involves addressing multiple forms of inequality and discrimination, and provides an

opportunity to tackle inequities faced by children, especially those who are marginalized or

in vulnerable situations, who face stigmatization, discrimination, violence or exclusion, that

require a multidimensional approach to realizing children’s rights and full potential, and

empowering them as agents of change,

Noting global initiatives and partnerships to assist countries in the implementation of

the commitments of the 2030 Agenda, inter alia, the Global Strategy for Women’s,

Children’s and Adolescents’ Health (2016-2030), the Partnership for Maternal, Newborn

and Child Health, the Global Partnership to End Violence Against Children, the Global

Programme to Accelerate Action to End Child Marriage, the Joint Programme on Female

Genital Mutilation/Cutting, the High Time to End Violence against Children initiative,

Alliance 8.7 to eradicate forced labour, modern slavery, human trafficking and child labour,

the Global Partnership for Education, the Global Education First Initiative, the Global

Alliance for reporting progress on promoting peaceful, just and inclusive societies, the We

Protect Global Alliance to End Child Sexual Abuse Online, and the Fast-Track strategy to

end the AIDS epidemic by 2030, and tools such as the technical guidance on the application

of a human rights-based approach to the implementation of policies and programmes to

reduce and eliminate preventable mortality and morbidity of children under 5 years of age,2

2 See A/HRC/27/31.

1. Takes note with appreciation of the report of the United Nations High

Commissioner for Human Rights on the protection of the rights of the child in the

implementation of the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development;3

2. Calls upon States to take all necessary measures to ensure the enjoyment by

children of all their human rights, without discrimination of any kind, including in efforts to

achieve the Goals and targets of the 2030 Agenda;

3. Reaffirms that the child, for the full and harmonious development of his or

her personality, should grow up in a family environment, that the best interests of the child

shall be the guiding principle of those responsible for his or her nurture and protection, and

that families’ and caregivers’ capacities to provide the child with care and a safe

environment should be promoted;

I. A child rights-based approach to implementing the 2030 Agenda

4. Calls upon States to promote, protect, respect and fulfil the rights of the child

and to mainstream them into all legislation, policies, programmes and budgets, as

appropriate, aimed at implementing the 2030 Agenda;

5. Also calls upon States to leave no child behind in the implementation of all

the Goals and targets of the 2030 Agenda, and to pay particular attention to children in

marginalized and vulnerable situations, such as but not limited to children with disabilities,

children affected by HIV/AIDS, pregnant girls, children affected by armed conflict and in

refugee situations, children belonging to national or ethnic, religious and linguistic

minorities, children living in poverty, children in alternative care, migrant children,

including unaccompanied migrant children, children seeking asylum, stateless children,

children involved with the criminal justice system, including those deprived of liberty,

indigenous children, children recruited or at risk of recruitment by organized criminal

groups and armed groups, and children with special needs;

6. Encourages States to promote a child rights-based approach in the

implementation of the 2030 Agenda, in accordance with their obligations under

international law and underpinned by the principles of, inter alia, human rights and

fundamental freedoms for all, equality and non-discrimination, the best interests of the

child, the child’s right to life, survival and development and participation, sustainability,

transparency, international cooperation and accountability;

7. Emphasizes the importance of children’s rights as an integral part of

sustainable development strategies, and urges States to integrate a child rights perspective

into their respective national development frameworks, taking into account those in the

most marginalized and vulnerable situations, to ensure that no child is left behind and that

those furthest behind are reached first;

8. Reaffirms the Addis Ababa Action Agenda, which is an integral part of the

2030 Agenda, in which it is recognized that investing in children is critical to achieving

inclusive, equitable and sustainable development for present and future generations, and the

vital importance of promoting and protecting the rights of all children and ensuring that no

child is left behind, and recalling Council resolution 28/19 on better investment in the rights

of the child, of 27 March 2015:

(a) Encourages States to mobilize and allocate domestic resources, and where

necessary, international resources, including for the realization of the rights of the child, as

an essential element to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals;

3 A/HRC/34/27.

(b) Invites private sector involvement in a way that positively contributes to the

implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals and respects and promotes the

realization of the rights of the child;

9. Recalls that the means of implementing the targets under each Sustainable

Development Goal and Goal 17 are key to realizing the 2030 Agenda and are of equal

importance as the other Goals and targets, and that implementation will require a

partnership bringing together Governments, the private sector, civil society, the United

Nations system and other actors and the mobilization of all available resources;

10. Urges States, international organizations, including the United Nations

system organizations, funds, programmes, financing mechanisms, financial institutions and

other relevant stakeholders, in coordination with national Governments, to enhance

international support for implementing effective and targeted capacity-building in

developing countries, to support national plans to implement all of the 2030 Agenda,

including with the aim of realizing the rights of the child;

11. Calls upon States, including through bilateral, regional and global

cooperation programmes and technical partnerships, to meet the internationally agreed

targets, including the United Nations targets for international development assistance, and

emphasizes the role of international cooperation in support of national and subnational

efforts and in raising capacities, including at community level, for the protection of the

rights of the child in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda;

12. Calls upon States to work on the development of child rights-sensitive

national, including subnational, and regional indicators, where applicable, taking into

account indicators developed by appropriate global and regional forums, to measure

progress, report and identify gaps in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda, guided by the

Convention on the Rights of the Child and its Optional Protocols and other relevant

international treaties;

13. Encourages States to strengthen their capacities to monitor progress towards

the implementation of the 2030 Agenda by improving the collection, analysis,

dissemination and utilization of data and statistics, disaggregated by income, sex, age, race,

ethnicity, migratory status, disability, geographic location and other characteristics relevant

to national contexts, mindful of a children’s rights perspective;

14. Recognizes the right of the child to be registered immediately after birth, and

calls upon all States to ensure free birth registration, including free or low-fee late birth

registration, by means of universal, accessible, simple, expeditious and effective

registration procedures, without discrimination of any kind, and that vital statistics are

collected for all children, particularly those in situations of vulnerability, through

comprehensive civil registration systems that are accessible and affordable;

15. Encourages States to make comprehensive and comparable disaggregated

data and information on children publicly available in a timely manner, while protecting

their privacy, and to ensure that children have access to information in child-friendly

formats and in a manner they understand, and to this end, to make better use of the

possibilities of digital solutions and technologies, as appropriate;

16. Calls upon the United Nations system and all its relevant actors in the

promotion and protection of the rights of the child, the members of the Committee for the

Coordination of Statistical Activities, international organizations and the international

donor community to intensify support for enhancing the capacity of national statistics

offices in developing countries, to enable them to undertake effective data collection and

analysis as mandated and envisioned by the Sustainable Development Goals and, in

furtherance of the Goals, to ensure the promotion and realization of the rights of the child;

17. Encourages States, building on existing national mechanisms, in particular

national human rights institutions, and review processes, with broad multi-stakeholder

participation, to review the national legal and policy framework, track progress and lessons

learned, consider solutions and ensure that laws, policies and programmes are oriented to

meet the Sustainable Development Goals and targets and human rights obligations, and as

such integrate the rights of the child to ensure their respect and promotion;

18. Also encourages States to take into account in national reviews of progress

on the Sustainable Development Goals the reports and recommendations from the existing

human rights review processes in which States already participate, incorporating

information from existing national mechanisms for oversight and review on matters related

to the rights of the child, including the parliament, local government, national human rights

institutions and ombudsmen’s and standing national reporting and coordination

mechanisms for human rights, as appropriate;

19. Acknowledges the relevant role played by civil society organizations in

supporting the implementation of the 2030 Agenda, and recognizes their active

participation and contribution in the follow-up and review processes through the established

mechanisms, particularly in relation to the rights of the child;

20. Encourages the private sector to work to ensure the alignment of their

activities with international human rights law and relevant standards, including those

related to the rights of the child, the Guiding Principles on Business and Human Rights and

the Children’s Rights and Business Principles of the United Nations Children’s Fund,

through the undertaking of child-rights due diligence with a view to identifying, preventing

and mitigating the possible negative impact of their operations on the enjoyment of the

rights of the child;

21. Recognizes that a child who is capable of forming his or her own views

should be assured the right to express those views freely, without discrimination on any

ground, in all matters affecting him or her, the views of the child being given due weight in

accordance with his or her age and maturity, and calls upon States, as appropriate, to

promote knowledge among children about the 2030 Agenda and the rights of the child, and

to facilitate, including through funding, the meaningful participation and active consultation

of children in all issues affecting them related to the implementation, monitoring and

follow-up and review of the 2030 Agenda, taking into account the best interests of the

child;

II. Promotion and protection of the rights of the child in the 2030 Agenda

22. Urges States to take all the measures necessary to implement fully the

objectives of the 2030 Agenda to contribute to the realization of the rights of the child by,

inter alia:

(a) Eradicating extreme poverty and reducing the number of children living in

poverty by, inter alia, implementing social security systems, including social protection

floors, that guarantee access to essential health care and basic income security for children,

at least at a nationally defined minimum level, providing access to nutrition, education, care

and any other necessary goods and services;

(b) Sustaining efforts to ensure that the right of the child to the enjoyment of the

highest attainable standard of physical and mental health is promoted and protected,

including by attaining all goals and targets related to Goal 3;

(c) Continuing to take measures to ensure that all girls and boys, including

children in vulnerable situations, those who are marginalized or vulnerable and those who

face stigmatization, discrimination or exclusion, complete free, equitable and quality

primary and secondary education and have access to early childhood development, care and

pre-primary education in safe, non-violent, inclusive and effective learning environments,

as well as eliminating gender disparities in education;

(d) Protecting children from all forms of discrimination and eliminating all forms

of violence against children in all settings, including torture of children, maltreatment,

neglect, sale, abuse, exploitation, trafficking, sexual and other types of exploitation,

securing the eradication of forced labour and the prohibition and elimination of the worst

forms of child labour, including unlawful recruitment and use of child soldiers, and putting

an end to child labour in all its forms and the recruitment of children by organized criminal

groups, ensuring that all children have equal access to justice and accountable and

transparent institutions, and providing legal identity documents, including birth certificates,

to all children;

(e) Achieving gender equality and the empowerment of all young women and

girls by ending all forms of discrimination and violence against them in the public and

private spheres, including trafficking and sexual and other types of exploitation, and

eliminating all harmful practices, such as child, early and forced marriage and female

genital mutilation, including by attaining all Goals and targets related to Goal 5;

23. Calls upon States to provide human rights education, and to promote

children’s empowerment and participation, as a means of preventing and counteracting

violence, exploitation and abuse of children;

24. Recognizes that poverty, inequality, global health threats, natural disasters,

humanitarian emergencies and forced displacement, as well as violence, spiralling armed

conflict and terrorism, threaten to reverse much of the development progress made, and that

natural resource depletion, food and water scarcity and the adverse impact of environmental

degradation, climate change and urban development pose additional challenges, and

therefore calls upon States, as appropriate, to take further effective measures and actions, in

conformity with international law, to remove obstacles and constraints, and to strengthen

support to meeting the special needs of children, in particular the most vulnerable, with a

view to provide all children with a nurturing environment for the full realization of their

rights and capabilities;

III. Mainstreaming the rights of the child in the implementation of the

Agenda 2030

25. Affirms the commitment to integrate effectively the rights of the child in its

work, and in that of its mechanisms, in a regular, systematic and transparent manner, taking

into account the 2030 Agenda, and the specific needs of boys and girls, including those in

vulnerable situations, those who are marginalized and those who face stigmatization,

discrimination or exclusion;

26. Encourages the special procedures and other human rights mechanisms of the

Human Rights Council to continue to integrate a child rights perspective into the

implementation of their mandates and to include in their reports information, qualitative

analysis and recommendations on child rights, including on progress and gaps in the

implementation of the 2030 Agenda;

27. Invites all human rights treaty bodies to integrate the rights of the child into

their work, particularly in their concluding observations, general comments and

recommendations, giving full consideration to the promotion and protection of the rights of

the child in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda;

IV. Follow-up

28. Requests the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights to

contribute to the work of the high-level political forum on sustainable development, in

consultation with relevant stakeholders, including the United Nations Children’s Fund,

other relevant United Nations bodies and agencies, the Special Representative of the

Secretary-General on Violence against Children and the Special Representative of the

Secretary-General for Children and Armed Conflict, relevant special procedure mandate

holders, regional organizations and human rights bodies, and civil society, particularly by

providing inputs from a child rights perspective to the yearly thematic reviews of progress

at the forum, focusing on achievements and challenges, taking into account the

implementation of recommendations contained in previous Human Rights Council

resolutions on the rights of the child;

29. Decides to continue its consideration of the question of the rights of the child

in accordance with its programme of work and its resolutions 7/29 of 28 March 2008 and

19/37 of 23 March 2012, and to focus its next annual full-day meeting on the theme of

“Protecting the rights of the child in humanitarian situations”, and requests the High

Commissioner to prepare a report on that theme, in close cooperation with all relevant

stakeholders, including States, the United Nations Children’s Fund, other relevant United

Nations bodies and agencies, the Special Representative of the Secretary-General on

Violence against Children and the Special Representative of the Secretary-General for

Children and Armed Conflict, relevant special procedure mandate holders, regional

organizations and human rights bodies, national human rights institutions and civil society,

including children themselves, and to present it to the Human Rights Council at its thirty-

seventh session with a view to providing information for the annual day of discussion on

the rights of the child;

30. Welcomes the appointment of an independent expert to lead the work on a

new in-depth global study on the situation of children deprived of liberty, encourages

Member States and United Nations agencies, funds, programmes and offices, and other

relevant stakeholders, to support its preparation, and recognizes that the study can support

the achievement of the 2030 Agenda and the pledge to leave no one behind;

V. Mandate of the Special Rapporteur on the sale of children, child

prostitution and child pornography

31. Also welcomes the work and contribution of the Special Rapporteur on the

sale of children, child prostitution and child pornography, and decides to extend her

mandate, in accordance with its resolution 7/13, for a period of three years, as Special

Rapporteur on the sale and sexual exploitation of children, including child prostitution,

child pornography and other child sexual abuse material;

32. Requests the Special Rapporteur to participate in relevant international

forums and major events relating to the implementation of the 2030 Agenda, to advise

States, intergovernmental organizations, civil society and other stakeholders on effective

and sustainable practices to respect, protect and fulfil the human rights of child victims of

sale and sexual exploitation in the implementation of the 2030 Agenda, and to undertake, in

cooperation with relevant special procedures and actors of the United Nations system,

thematic research on the effective implementation of Goals 16, 8 and 5, with particular

focus on targets 16.2, 8.7 and 5.3, in accordance with her mandate;

33. Also requests the Special Rapporteur to continue to report annually on the

implementation of the mandate to the Human Rights Council and the General Assembly, in

accordance with their respective programmes of work, making suggestions and

recommendations on the prevention of the sale and sexual exploitation of children and on

the rehabilitation of child victims;

34. Requests the Secretary-General and the High Commissioner to provide the

Special Rapporteur with all the resources and assistance necessary for the effective

fulfilment of the mandate.

57th meeting

24 March 2017

[Adopted without a vote.]